The concept of presence, or “being there” is a frequently emphasized factor in immersive mediated environments. It is often assumed that greater levels of immersive quality elicit higher levels of presence, in turn enhancing the effectiveness of a mediated experience. To investigate this assumption the current meta-analysis synthesizes decades of empirical research examining the effect of immersive system technology on user experiences of presence. Aggregating 115 effect sizes from 83 studies, it finds that technological immersion has a medium-sized effect on presence. Additionally, results show that increased levels of user-tracking, the use of stereoscopic visuals, and wider fields of view of visual displays are significantly more impactful than improvements to most other immersive system features, including quality of visual and auditory content. These findings are discussed in light of theoretical accounts of the presence construct as well as practical implications for design.

How Immersive Is Enough? A Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Immersive Technology on User Presence

Social network sites are ubiquitous and now constitute a common tool people use to interact with one another in daily life. Here we review the consequences of interacting with social network sites for subjective well-being—that is, how people feel moment-to-moment and how satisfied they are with their lives. We begin by clarifying the constructs that we focus on in this review: social network sites and subjective well-being. Next, we review the literature that explains how these constructs are related. This research reveals: (a) negative relationships between passively using social network sites and subjective well-being, and (b) positive relationships between actively using social network sites and subjective well-being, with the former relationship being more robust than the latter. Specifically, passively using social network sites provokes social comparisons and envy, which have negative downstream consequences for subjective well-being. In contrast, when active usage of social network sites predicts subjective well-being, it seems to do so by creating social capital and stimulating feelings of social connectedness. We conclude by discussing the policy implications of this work.

/pdf/do-social-network-sites-enhance-or-undermine-subjective-well-1zspcyk163.pdf

Do Social Network Sites Enhance or Undermine Subjective Well‐Being? A Critical Review

Background and aims: Recent research suggests that use of social networking sites can be addictive for some individuals. Due to the link between motivations for media use and the development of addiction, this systematic review examines Facebook-related uses and gratifications research and Facebook addiction research. Method: Searches of three large academic databases revealed 24 studies examining the uses and gratifications of Facebook, and nine studies of Facebook addiction. Results: Comparison of uses and gratifications research reveals that the most popular motives for Facebook use are relationship maintenance, passing time, entertainment, and companionship. These motivations may be related to Facebook addiction through use that is habitual, excessive, or motivated by a desire for mood alteration. Examination of Facebook addiction research indicates that Facebook use can become habitual or excessive, and some addicts use the site to escape from negative moods. However, examination of Facebook addiction measures highlights inconsistency in the field. Discussion: There is some evidence to support the argument that uses and gratifications of Facebook are linked with Facebook addiction. Furthermore, it appears as if the social skill model of addiction may explain Facebook addiction, but inconsistency in the measurement of this condition limits the ability to provide conclusive arguments. Conclusions: This paper recommends that further research be performed to establish the links between uses and gratifications and Facebook addiction. Furthermore, in order to enhance the construct validity of Facebook addiction, researchers should take a more systematic approach to assessment.

The uses and abuses of Facebook: A review of Facebook addiction.

Validation and psychometric properties of a short version of Young's Internet Addiction Test

Authenticity and well-being on social network sites: A two-wave longitudinal study on the effects of online authenticity and the positivity bias in SNS communication

Cyberpsychology behavior and social networking

Even though years of research on the male contraceptive pill have been conducted, a marketable product is still absent from the arsenal of male and female products of contraception. In this paper, the following psychosocial and cultural factors have been elicited from the literature in order to reveal explanations for this delay: acceptability, trust, fear of side-effects, perceptions of contraceptive responsibility and fear of losing connotations of masculinity. Regardless of cultural variation, overall there seems to be a positive attitude towards the acceptability of male contraceptive for both males and females, especially males in stable relationships. Some indication shows that the media have played an important role in distorting the results of research regarding male and female trust. Ongoing and future researches into several projects on psychosocial and cultural factors are described.

/pdf/attitudes-towards-the-male-contraceptive-pill-psychosocial-3lxc3hbkts.pdf

Attitudes towards the male contraceptive pill: psychosocial and cultural explanations for delaying a marketable product

Even though years of research on the male con- traceptive pill have been conducted, a marketable product is still absent from the arsenal of male and female products of contraception. In this paper, the following psychosocial and cultural factors have been elicited from the literature in order to reveal explanations for this delay: acceptability, trust, fear of side-effects, perceptions of contraceptive responsibility and fear of losing connotations of masculinity. Regardless of cultural variation, overall there seems to be a positive attitude towards the acceptability of male contracep- tive for both males and females, especially males in stable relationships. Some indication shows that the media have played an important role in distorting the results of research regarding male and female trust. Ongoing and future researches into several projects on psychosocial and cultural factors are described.

/pdf/attitudes-towards-the-male-contraceptive-pill-psychosocial-2vearqa1ac.pdf

Attitudes towards the male contraceptive pill: psychosocial and cultural explanations for delaying a marketable product Regards sur la pilule contraceptive masculine : enjeux culturels et psychosociaux expliquant le report d'un produit commercialisable

Les choix d’une methode de contraception masculine sont encore limites au retrait, a l’abstinence periodique, au preservatif et a la vasectomie. Ces methodes ont ete largement critiquees car elles sont soit non reversibles, invasives et couteuses (vasectomie), soit inefficaces et dangereuses [1]. Les methodes feminines se sont montrees plus fiables et plus efficaces, en particulier depuis l’introduction de la pilule feminine dans les annees 1960. Neanmoins, 50 % des 1 million de conceptions quotidiennes sont encore des non desirees [2]. Aune epoque de plaidoyers des gouvernements pour une diminution des taux de natalite dans la plupart des pays, et de changements observes dans les roles sexuels traditionnels de la vie familiale, le developpement et l’introduction d’une pilule contraceptive masculine, qui, de facon interessante selon Manetti et Honig [3], a precede la pilule feminine par des recherches sur les effets suppresseurs de la testosterone sur la spermatogenese des 1939, « […] est surement largement en retard »; d’autant plus que « les hommes aiment les plaisirs du sexe mais ne peuvent pas faire grand-chose pour contribuer a la tâche de planification familiale » [2, p. 198].

Facteurs culturels psychosociaux façonnant les attitudes envers la pilule contraceptiwe masculine

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Cyberpsychology behavior and social networking

Attitudes towards the male contraceptive pill: psychosocial and cultural explanations for delaying a marketable product

Attitudes towards the male contraceptive pill: psychosocial and cultural explanations for delaying a marketable product Regards sur la pilule contraceptive masculine : enjeux culturels et psychosociaux expliquant le report d'un produit commercialisable

Facteurs culturels psychosociaux façonnant les attitudes envers la pilule contraceptiwe masculine