A General, Efficient, and Inexpensive Catalyst System for the Coupling of Aryl Iodides and Thiols

The compounds of the present invention are represented by the chemical structure found in Formula (I): wherein: the carbon atom designated * is in the R or S configuration; and X is a fused bicyclic carbocycle or heterocycle selected from the group consisting of benzofuranyl, benzo[b]thiophenyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, indazoly'1, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolizinyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzotriazolyl, imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinyl, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridinyl, [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3­a]pyridinyl, thieno[2,3-b]pyridinyl, thieno[3,2-b]pyridinyl, 1H-pyrrolo[2,3­b]pyridinyl, indenyl, indanyl, dihydrobenzocycloheptenyl, tetrahydrobenzocycloheptenyl, dihydrobenzothiophenyl, dihydrobenzofuranyl, indolinyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, 4H-quinolizinyl, 9aH-quinolizinyl, quinazolinyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzo[1,2,3]triazinyl, benzo[1,2,4]triazinyl, 2H-chromenyl, 4H-chromenyl, and a fused bicyclic carbocycle or fused bicyclic heterocycle optionally substituted with substituents (1 to 4 in number) as defined in R14; with R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, and R14 defined herein.

Aryl- and heteroaryl-substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines and use thereof to block reuptake of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin

The aim of the present investigation was to illustrate the antibacterial effect of various phenothiazine and thioxanthene derivatives on mycobacteria in vitro. It was demonstrated that clopenthixol is about twice as potent as chlorpromazine (CPZ) and levomepromazine-maleate is about half as potent as CPZ, measured by the inhibitory effect on the growth of the mycobacterial strains. Measured in the same way the stereoisomeric compounds of flupenthixol are shown to be more potent than the stereo-isomeric compounds of clopenthixol and chlorprothixen. The two last-named compounds are equal in potency. The stereo-isomeric analogs of the thioxanthene derivatives are equal in antibacterial potency against the slow-growing mycobacteria. The mycobacterial strains investigated show no difference in sensitivity between the cis (Z)--and and trans (E)--compounds of the thioxanthenes. It seems particularly promising that also the more resistant mycobacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis, e.g. M. avium and M. intracellulare, are sensitive in the concentration range investigated. Considered as a whole, these results might be a stimulus to investigate the antimicrobial effect of the thioxanthenes in vivo.

The antibacterial effect of selected phenothiazines and thioxanthenes on slow-growing mycobacteria.

Humidification dehumidification (HDH) desalination has proven to be a reliable, energy-efficient, and sustainable technique for producing freshwater in decentralized and small-scale applications. Various advancements in the HDH desalination system have been introduced in recent years to make this technology scalable, cost-effective, and reach an industrial scale. This paper provides a comprehensive review of significant technological advancements achieved in the HDH desalination system over the past twenty years. Particular attention has been given to research on improving system compactness, energy efficiency, and productivity. HDH desalination systems operated with carrier gases other than air and the use of bubble column humidifiers and dehumidifiers to improve compactness are discussed. The energetic performance improvements achieved by multi-staging and thermal balancing techniques have been extensively reviewed. Hybridization of HDH desalination systems with other well-established technologies, HDH desalination systems with variable pressure, and membrane-based HDH desalination systems are presented. Inferences drawn from the present review are expected to provide insight into potential technical improvements in HDH desalination systems and guide the selection of appropriate HDH desalination systems for decentralized applications. 

A review on recent technological advancements in humidification dehumidification (HDH) desalination

Lanthanum(III) Oxide as a Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of Diaryl Sulfides and Diaryl Selenides

Neurotropic and psychotropic agents. LXVII. 1-[4,4-Bis(4-fluorophenyl)butyl]-4-hydroxy-4-(3-trifluoromethyl-4-chlorophenyl)piperidine and related compounds: New synthetic approaches

4,4-Bis(4-fluorophenyl)butylamines and their cyclic analogues; An efficient synthesis of the neuroleptic penfluridol

Solar energy is an important energy source for a sustainable future. The advancements of solar cells for electricity production require improvements in the cooling technology. Conventional air cooling is not able to cool the photovoltaic (PV) panels effectively. On the other hand, dew-point evaporative cooling (DPEC) can bring down the inlet air temperature below its wet bulb which makes itself a perfect candidate for PV cooling. In this work, a novel cooling configuration that consists of two wet channels: one in the cooler (conventional DPEC) to produce supply air and the other at the back of the PV panel, was proposed. A physics-based mathematical model utilizing local weather conditions was developed for the system to investigate its transient performance. The cooling performance and subsequent improvement in the PV’s energy efficiency of the proposed system were compared with a traditional DPEC-based cooling approach. It was observed that the proposed system can maintain an efficiency of more than 15% (with 16.7% maximum) under two environmental conditions in summer, which is an increase of 16.4% compared to air cooling. The proposed PV cooling method will help to improve the overall performance of the solar PV systems and increase renewable energy utilizations. 

Dew-point evaporative cooling of PV panels for improved performance

2- And 3-fluoro derivatives of clorotepin and related compounds; 6- And 7-fluoro derivative of chlorprothixene

Activated carbon, due to its notable porosity and cost-effectiveness, emerges as a promising desiccant material. This research delves into the utilization of pinecones as a precursor for the production of activated carbon through steam activation. The resultant activated carbon samples presented a porous structure and exhibited a high water adsorption capacity, with the highest adsorption capacity reaching 0.35 kg/kg, placing it in competition with commercial silica gel. Various experimental parameters were systematically manipulated during the production process to optimize both the pore structure and water adsorption capacity of the activated carbon samples. Elevating the carbonization temperature from 700 °C to 900 °C proved effective in enhancing pore distribution and elevating water adsorption capacity. Furthermore, higher activation temperatures contributed to the formation of additional mesopores and macropores, possibly attributable to micropore enlargement through steam activation. Nevertheless, these elevated activation temperatures resulted in an undesired increment in mesopores concerning water adsorption. The extension of activation time led to increased micropore formation, albeit with concurrent disruption, culminating in heightened total pore volume and surface area. This extension shifted the water adsorption-desorption isotherm to higher relative pressure ranges, accompanied by a larger hysteresis loop. Moreover, an increased steam mass flow rate was found to enhance the pore structure and water adsorption capacity of the activated carbon. The activated carbons exhibited sigmoid-shaped isotherms, signifying their suitability for both open-cycle and closed-cycle adsorption systems. 

Characterization and optimization of pore structure and water adsorption capacity in pinecone-derived activated carbon by steam activation

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