Comparison of improved and local maize varieties in the Republic of Benin with emphasis on susceptibility to Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky

A comparative study of maize (Zea mays L.) weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.) resistance in selected landraces and improved genotypes of maize, was conducted through a field experiment and laboratory assays. The maize grain characteristics that confer resistance to the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, namely; grain hardness, weight and protein content, were compared in 50 improved maize genotypes developed by CIMMYT and two landraces (Cimambwe and Pandawe). The relative susceptibility of all maize experimental material to the weevil, were also compared using Dobie’s susceptibility indices, grain weight loss and median development period. Genotypes were significantly different (p 0.05) in the Dobie’s indices of susceptibility but exhibited a wide index range (0.77 to 9.11). The landrace, Chimambwe, had the second highest Median Development Period, while Pandawe, had the heaviest kernels, though without noticeable advantage in resistance to the weevil. The Open Pollinated Varieties (OPVs) were not superior to hybrids according to the Dobie’s index of susceptibility. The possibility of developing maize hybrids or OPVs that are as resistant to the maize weevil, S. zeamais, as or even better than landraces is discussed and recommendations made.

/pdf/comparative-resistance-of-improved-maize-genotypes-and-2unpo5m426.pdf

Comparative resistance of improved maize genotypes and landraces to maize weevil

Deleterious effects of Myracrodruon urundeuva leaf extract and lectin on the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera, Curculionidae)

Once cereal grain is harvested and put into storage, it provides a resource for a range of insect pests of stored grain. With few exceptions, these insects rarely attack grain in the field before harvest, but once the grain is in storage there is a degree of inevitability that insect infestation will occur. This means that methods are needed to either disinfest grain or to protect it from infestation during storage. The aim of this chapter is to review recent advances in insect pest management in stored grain, ranging from methods that are well established to those that are still being evaluated. This topic has been the subject of considerable laboratory and field research as evidenced by the large and growing body of published studies. Resistance to phosphine resistance and various insecticides, as well as the phase-out of methyl bromide as an ozone-depleting substance, continue to be major drivers for research on management of insects in stored products. Other research has focussed on improving the basic understanding of various methods or ways of improving methods currently in use. Despite extensive research on a wide variety of chemical and non-chemical treatments, very few have been commercialised. Two examples are spinosad, which has been registered as a grain protectant, and sulfuryl fluoride, which is now available as a grain fumigant. The interest in non-chemical treatments, especially aeration cooling, is encouraging. In general, integrated pest management is seen as the goal of entomologists, requiring the strategic integration of multiple methods to provide maximum effect with minimal health and environmental risks. Some of the chemical and non-chemical treatments reviewed in this chapter have great potential to be used as part of an integrated approach.

Insect Pest Management in Stored Grain

http://projects.nri.org/de/documents/Abstract_Farmers_trials.pdf

Small-scale farmer perceptions of diatomaceous earth products as potential stored grain protectants in Zimbabwe

A study of pre-harvest infestation of maize by Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in the Kenya highlands

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A study of pre-harvest infestation of maize by Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) in the Kenya highlands