Background Early recurrence of massive proteinuria after renal transplantation occurs in 20% to 30% of patients with steroid-resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome and is responsible for graft failure in approximately half of cases. We report our experience with the use of intravenous (IV) cyclosporine (CsA) in children with recurrent proteinuria after renal transplantation. Methods Between March 1991 and August 2001, 36 renal transplantations were performed in 35 patients with steroid-resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in our institution. Recurrence, defined by proteinuria higher than 50 mg/kg per day in the absence of acute rejection or urinary tract infection, was observed in 17 grafts performed in 16 patients. In patients with recurrence, CsA was administered IV, at an initial dose of 3 mg/kg per day, which was afterward adapted to maintain whole-blood levels between 250 and 350 ng/mL. Results In 14 of 17 cases (82%) with recurrence, proteinuria completely disappeared after 20.8+/-8.4 (range 12-40) days. The treatment was ineffective in the remaining three patients with persistent proteinuria at the end of the second month posttransplantation. Plasma exchanges were performed in four patients during the first 2 months, and proteinuria regressed in three cases and persisted in one. Persistent remission was observed in 11 patients with a follow-up of 3.7+/-3 (range 0.3-9) years. Actuarial graft survival was 92% and 70% at 1 and 5 years. Conclusion IV CsA is a safe and effective treatment in children with recurrent nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation.

Intravenous cyclosporine therapy in recurrent nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation in children.

https://www.ajkd.org/article/S0272-6386(04)00511-6/pdf

High-dose oral cyclosporin therapy for recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in children

Recurrence of focal glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) following renal transplantation is a common cause of allograft loss and clinical morbidity. Recent attempts to control proteinuria and morbidity with plasmapheresis (PP) have met with limited success. Our experience with the use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and angiotensin blockade (AB) in the management of refractory FSGS pre transplant suggested its potential benefit in post-transplant recurrence. This report presents our 25-year experience in pediatric renal transplantation of patients with FSGS divided into two treatment eras: Era 1—prior to use of daclizumab (anti-IL-2R) and Era 2—after daclizumab. A total of 179 pediatric patients were transplanted during the 25-year period. FSGS was confirmed in 27 (15%); 16 of 28 allografts (57%) had recurrence of FSGS during the post-transplant period. In Era 1, only 6 of 16 (38%) recurred in the allograft, while 10 of 12 (83%) recurred during Era 2. The odds ratio of recurrence of FSGS in the allograft after induction with anti-IL-2R was 8.3 (95% confidence interval=1.3–52, P =0.02). Only 2 patients in Era 1 received PP, while 10 in Era 2 were entered into an intensive PP protocol followed by maintenance with AB consisting of angiotensin receptor blockers alone, or in combination with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Although proteinuria decreased an average of 80±16% with PP, the response was variable and severe morbid edema persisted in poor responders. Maximum benefit occurred with the addition of AB and MMF. After a follow-up of 27±15 months, proteinuria has shown a sustained decrease of 94±8% below baseline. In conclusion, our experience suggests that, with recurrent FSGS, a limited course of PP followed by maintenance therapy with AB and MMF improves symptoms and may preserve allograft function.

Recurrent focal glomerulosclerosis in pediatric renal allografts: the Miami experience.

http://medlib.yu.ac.kr/eur_j_oph/sem_nephrol/sem_n_pdf/SemNep_23_2_147.pdf

Permeability factors in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Recurrence of primary focal glomerulosclerosis (FGS) after renal transplantation is associated with poor graft survival. Plasma exchange (PE) can reduce proteinuria and even induce complete remission of proteinuria. It is, however, unknown whether the use of PE therapy improves long-term graft survival. In our center, PE has been used to treat recurrent FGS after renal transplantation since 1994. Thus far, 13 patients have been treated with PE for recurrent FGS and followed for up to 77 months after the onset of the recurrence. We reviewed the transplantation data in these patients, and, for comparison, ten patients who underwent transplantation between 1973 and 1991 and were not treated with PE served as historical controls. Recurrence of FGS occurred within 4 weeks of transplantation in 74% of the patients. PE was started within 14 days of the onset of proteinuria in 85% of the patients. Two patients lost their graft within the first month of transplantation due to untreatable rejection; the remaining 11 patients (85%) achieved complete (n=7) or partial (n=4) remission. Seven patients remained in remission after a short period of treatment with PE ( 30 days after transplantation) recurrence of FGS (P=0.02). A comparison with the historical control group revealed not only a significant reduction in proteinuria, but also significantly better long-term graft survival in the treated group, 85% and 30%, respectively, at 5 years (P=0.02). In conclusion, PE is an effective form of treatment for recurrent FGS, especially if initiated early. Failure to maintain stable remission after the initial period of PE does not necessarily imply a poor outcome, and sustained remissions can be achieved after prolonged treatment.

Plasma exchange improves graft survival in patients with recurrent focal glomerulosclerosis after renal transplantation

Recurrence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in pediatric renal allografts is associated with a poor graft survival. This study reports on plasmapheresis for the treatment of recurrent FSGS in pediatric renal transplant recipients. The records of 100 consecutive pediatric (age 1 g/m2 per day) within 1 month of transplantation. Five of six patients treated with plasmapheresis went into remission (<0.2 g/m2 per day), receiving a total of 42±26 (12–73) sessions, with the mean number of sessions required to achieve a remission being 24±17 (8–51). One patient had a second recurrence 1 year following cessation of plasmapheresis and responded to another course of plasmapheresis. The 1 patient who did not respond to plasmapheresis had a delay in initiation of therapy of 42 days. Plasmapheresis initiated within 48 h of recurrence resulted in earlier remissions and improved graft survival among our patients. Plasmapheresis appears to be effective in treating recurrent FSGS following kidney transplantation and should be started as soon as possible. The number of plasmapheresis sessions used to achieve remission should be adjusted according to response rather than adhering to a fixed protocol.

Plasmapheresis treatment for recurrent focal sclerosis in pediatric renal allografts.

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Evan Ong

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Plasmapheresis treatment for recurrent focal sclerosis in pediatric renal allografts.