https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101165

Polyunsaturated fatty acids and fatty acid-derived lipid mediators: Recent advances in the understanding of their biosynthesis, structures, and functions

Although no internationally accepted consensus definition exists, lipids can be broadly defined as “fatty acids and their derivatives, and substances related biosynthetically or functionally to these compounds”. Lipids play critical roles as (i) the major structural components of biological membranes, and as functional and regulatory components of membrane protein signaling, (ii) bioactive intra- and inter-cellular signaling molecules, and (iii) energy storage molecules for the maintenance of energy homeostasis. With studies originating almost one century ago, significant insights continue to be made toward elucidating the functional role of lipid metabolism in the dynamic regulation of cellular homeostasis, and in determining the role of dysregulated lipid metabolism in the onset and progression of a range of human diseases, including diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cancer. These diverse functions are highly dependent on the structures of the lipids, their concentrations, and their inter- and intra-cell...

Analytical Challenges and Recent Advances in Mass Spectrometry Based Lipidomics.

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02993345/document

Understanding FAHFAs: From structure to metabolic regulation.

Apocryphal FADS2 activity promotes fatty acid diversification in cancer.

Ozone-induced dissociation (OzID) is an alternative ion activation method that relies on the gas phase ion-molecule reaction between a mass-selected target ion and ozone in an ion trap mass spectrometer. Herein, we evaluated the performance of OzID for both the structural elucidation and selective detection of conjugated carbon-carbon double bond motifs within lipids. The relative reactivity trends for \[M + X](+) ions (where X = Li, Na, K) formed via electrospray ionization (ESI) of conjugated versus nonconjugated fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) were examined using two different OzID-enabled linear ion-trap mass spectrometers. Compared with nonconjugated analogues, FAMEs derived from conjugated linoleic acids were found to react up to 200 times faster and to yield characteristic radical cations. The significantly enhanced reactivity of conjugated isomers means that OzID product ions can be observed without invoking a reaction delay in the experimental sequence (i.e., trapping of ions in the presence of ozone is not required). This possibility has been exploited to undertake neutral-loss scans on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer targeting characteristic OzID transitions. Such analyses reveal the presence of conjugated double bonds in lipids extracted from selected foodstuffs. Finally, by benchmarking of the absolute ozone concentration inside the ion trap, second order rate constants for the gas phase reactions between unsaturated organic ions and ozone were obtained. These results demonstrate a significant influence of the adducting metal on reaction rate constants in the fashion Li > Na > K.

Ozone-induced dissociation of conjugated lipids reveals significant reaction rate enhancements and characteristic odd-electron product ions

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13361-019-02285-5.pdf

Combining Charge-Switch Derivatization with Ozone-Induced Dissociation for Fatty Acid Analysis

Cholesteryl esters of ω-(O-acyl)-hydroxy fatty acids in vernix caseosa

Nonhydroxylated 1-O-acylceramides in vernix caseosa

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Combining Charge-Switch Derivatization with Ozone-Induced Dissociation for Fatty Acid Analysis

Cholesteryl esters of ω-(O-acyl)-hydroxy fatty acids in vernix caseosa

Nonhydroxylated 1-O-acylceramides in vernix caseosa