Context-specific user interfaces for use with a portable multifunction device are disclosed. The methods described herein for context-specific user interfaces provide indications of time and, optionally, a variety of additional information. Further disclosed are non-transitory computer-readable storage media, systems, and devices configured to perform the methods described herein.

Context-specific user interfaces

Techniques for a displaying user interfaces screens of a calendar application include displaying different screens based on an input modality. The calendar application may respond differently to inputs from a touch-sensitive screen, inputs from a rotatable input mechanism, inputs having higher intensities, inputs having lower intensities, and so forth.

Reduced size user interface

A method for controlling a portable device is provided. The method includes detecting bending of the portable device and determining whether to perform motion sensing correction due to the bending; acquiring a motion sensing correction factor for performing the motion sensing correction due to the bending; performing motion sensing correction of at least one motion sensor using the motion sensing correction factor; and controlling the portable device according to the corrected motion sensing.

Portable device and method for controlling the same

A conductive paste including a conductive powder, a metallic glass, and an organic vehicle, wherein the metallic glass includes an alloy of at least two elements selected from an element having a low resistivity, an element which forms a solid solution with the conductive powder, or an element having a high oxidation potential, wherein the element having a low resistivity has a resistivity of less than about 100 microohm-centimeters, and the element having a high oxidation potential has an absolute value of a Gibbs free energy of oxide formation of about 100 kiloJoules per mole or greater.

Conductive paste and electronic device and solar cell including an electrode formed using the conductive paste

Methods for sharing user-configurable graphical constructs, e.g., for use with a portable multifunction device, are disclosed. The methods described herein allow for sharing user-configurable graphical constructs, such as context-specific user interfaces and emoji graphical objects that contain independently configurable graphical elements. Further disclosed are non-transitory computer-readable storage media, systems, and devices configured to perform the methods described herein.

Sharing user-configurable graphical constructs

Solid-state transformers (SST) are emerging technologies to replace the conventional low-frequency main transformer (MTR) in railway vehicles. In order to isolate the load side from the AC 25 kV high-voltage (HV) side and to reduce the whole size of the SST, HV insulation and high-frequency transformers should be used in DC/DC converters. Furthermore, due to the severe constraint of installation space and difficulty of heat dissipation management in the bottom of railway vehicles, high-power density and minimum transformer loss should be considered. To satisfy such design requirements of the proposed SST for railway vehicles, high efficiency integrated transformers, which inherently have leakage inductance, are proposed for dual-active-bridge (DAB) converters in this paper. In order to obtain appropriate equivalent leakage inductance for the DAB converters, a calculation methodology for the leakage inductance has been introduced and verified by simulation. Two separated winding structures in the center-core are adopted to improve the core loss, and appropriate winding turns with 60 kV HV insulation capability are selected, according to the proposed design procedure of the integrated transformers. In order to compare the proposed transformers with the conventional transformer having additional inductors and to verify the major characteristics of the transformers, two 125 kW proposed transformers and conventional transformers have been built and evaluated by an 250 kW SST module, operating at 10 kHz switching frequency. Under a 125 kW full-load condition, 99.7% transformer efficiency was obtained by the proposed integrated transformers, which are 4.7% smaller and 7.0% lighter than the conventional transformer. As a result, 26°C maximum temperature improvement has been obtained and 60k V HV insulation capability has been satisfied by the proposed integrated transformers.

High Efficiency Integrated Transformer Design in DAB Converters for Solid-State Transformers

In a time data display mode, a time data is displayed in at least one display block partially assigned to a touch screen of an electronic device. After the touch gesture or the drag gesture is detected in one of the display block, the current time data in the display block can be replaced with a new time data according to the touch gesture or the drag gesture. The new time data may be a following time data or a previous time data which can be determined according to a location of the touch gesture, or a direction and a distance of the drag gesture. In addition, the extent of a change in the time data may be determined according to duration of the touch gesture or a speed of the drag gesture.

Electronic device having touch screen and method for changing data displayed on the touch screen

In this paper, a reinforcement learning algorithm is applied for the first time to find a ferromagnetic core structure with optimal coupling coefficient between transmitting (Tx) and receiving (Rx) coils of a wireless power transfer (WPT) system. Since formula-based theoretical design is not available due to the non-linear magnetic field distortion stems from the presence of the ferromagnetic core in a WPT system, the proposed design has been achieved through finite element analysis (FEA) simulation-based data learning. The proposed design methods are so general that they can be applied to any conventional WPT coil types. We applied the proposed algorithm to the ferromagnetic core structure design of a simple dipole coil first. By training only 2.3 % data out of total possible cases, it is experimentally verified that the core structure obtained by the proposed method has a coupling coefficient 7 % higher than that of the example design level in the case of 98 cm distance between Tx and Rx coils.

/pdf/optimal-structure-design-of-ferromagnetic-cores-in-wireless-4h6s603ath.pdf

Optimal Structure Design of Ferromagnetic Cores in Wireless Power Transfer by Reinforcement Learning

In this article, a switching frequency-modulation-based inductive power transfer system that provides wireless charging of the scooters by magnetic in-band communication is newly proposed. Although the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) coils are misaligned, the scooters can be freely charged in the charging station by the proposed frequency modulation method without additional power converters in the Tx and Rx sides. In order to implement frequency modulation control, the Rx side can transmit the required information to the Tx side through the magnetic coupling between Tx and Rx coils, i.e., magnetic in-band communication, in the suggested approach. By virtue of the proposed magnetic in-band communication method, the switching frequency can be modulated so that the load power for charging the battery in the Rx side is appropriately controlled, considering the battery charging profile. Contrary to the Qi standard technology using both amplitude shift keying (ASK) and frequency shift keying, the proposed magnetic communication protocol is optimally and simply designed for targeting scooter wireless charging applications. Because the proposed communication method is based on only ASK technique for unidirectional information delivery, the coil misalignment sensitivity and the complexity of the communication process can be reduced, which guarantees the robust frequency modulation control for load power regulation. A 100 W power level prototype for the charging station and the scooters was fabricated and verified by simulations and experiments. The 97.3% of the coil-to-coil efficiency and 90.6% of the dc-to-dc efficiency were obtained at a nominal operating point of k = knom and PL = 100.8 W. As a result, the battery having 44.0–53.0 V and 13 Ah in the Rx side was charged under a wide range of battery charging conditions and coil misalignments.

Frequency-Modulation-Based IPT With Magnetic Communication for EV Wireless Charging

Wireless charging of electric vehicles (EV) are inevitable for user convenience of EV charging when the EVs are parked in the charging stations. A new set of triangular DQ transmitting (Tx) coils for wireless EV chargers is newly proposed in this paper for large longitudinal, lateral, and diagonal displacement tolerances. The proposed coil set consists of two layers, i.e., D-Tx and Q-Tx, where each Tx layer has two triangular coils of the same magnetic polarity diagonally, facing each other to generate a more uniform coupling coefficient between Tx and Rx w.r.t. the misalignments. In practice, diagonal misalignment tolerance is an important design criterion to deliver load power to EV because the worst scenario of misalignment is when longitudinal and lateral misalignments occur at the same time, i.e., diagonal misalignment. To solve these misalignment issues, the DQ transmitters were optimally designed to obtain uniformed output voltage against wide range of the diagonal misalignment situations. A prototype of an inductive power transfer (IPT) system having the proposed triangular DQ Tx coils for 3.5 kW wireless EV chargers was fabricated and experimentally verified with a switching frequency of 85 kHz, which can satisfy J2954 WPT1 class in the society of automotive engineers (SAE). As a result, it is found that 8.62 of the diagonal misalignment tolerance γ d has been achieved, and this value is superior to the other Tx coils.

Triangular DQ Tx Coils of Wireless EV Chargers for Large Misalignment Tolerances

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