/pdf/comorbidity-of-social-media-addiction-and-other-mental-129ych49o4.pdf

Comorbidity of social media addiction and other mental disorders – an overview

Background Mental health (MH) peer online forums offer robust support where internet access is common, but healthcare is not, e.g., in countries with under-resourced MH support, rural areas, and during pandemics. Despite their widespread use, little is known about who posts in such forums, and in what mood states. The discussion platform Reddit is ideally suited to study this as it hosts forums (subreddits) for MH and non-MH topics. In bipolar disorder (BD), where extreme mood states are core defining features, mood influences are particularly relevant. Objectives This exploratory study investigated posting patterns of Reddit users with a self-reported BD diagnosis and the associations between posting and emotions, specifically: 1) What proportion of the identified users posts in MH versus non-MH subreddits? 2) What differences exist in the emotions that they express in MH or non-MH subreddit posts? 3) How does mood differ between those users who post in MH subreddits compared to those who only post in non-MH subreddits? Methods Reddit users were automatically identified via self-reported BD diagnosis statements and all their 2005–2019 posts were downloaded. First, the percentages of users who posted only in MH (non-MH) subreddits were calculated. Second, affective vocabulary use was compared in MH versus non-MH subreddits by measuring the frequency of words associated with positive emotions, anxiety, sadness, anger, and first-person singular pronouns via the LIWC text analysis tool. Third, a logistic regression distinguished users who did versus did not post in MH subreddits, using the same LIWC variables (measured from users’ non-MH subreddit posts) as predictors, controlling for age, gender, active days, and mean posts/day. Results 1) Two thirds of the identified 19,685 users with a self-reported BD diagnosis posted in both MH and non-MH subreddits. 2) Users who posted in both MH and non-MH subreddits exhibited less positive emotion but more anxiety and sadness and used more first-person singular pronouns in their MH subreddit posts. 3) Feminine gender, higher positive emotion, anxiety, and sadness were significantly associated with posting in MH subreddits. Conclusions Many Reddit users who disclose a BD diagnosis use a single account to discuss MH and other concerns. Future work should determine whether users exhibit more anxiety and sadness in their MH subreddit posts because they more readily post in MH subreddits when experiencing lower mood or because they feel more able to express negative emotions in these spaces. MH forums may reflect the views of people who experience more extreme mood (outside of MH subreddits) compared to people who do not post in MH subreddits. These findings can be useful for MH professionals to discuss online forums with their clients. For example, they may caution them that forums may underrepresent people living well with BD. 

Posting patterns in peer online support forums and their associations with emotions and mood in bipolar disorder: Exploratory analysis

The world population is aging and the number of older adults with bipolar disorder is increasing Digital technologies are viewed as a framework to improve care of older adults with bipolar disorder This analysis quantifies Internet use by older adults with bipolar disorder as part of a larger survey project about information seeking A paper-based survey about information seeking by patients with bipolar disorder was developed and translated into 12 languages The survey was anonymous and completed between March 2014 and January 2016 by 1222 patients in 17 countries All patients were diagnosed by a psychiatrist General estimating equations were used to account for correlated data Overall, 47% of older adults (age 60 years or older) used the Internet versus 87% of younger adults (less than 60 years) More education and having symptoms that interfered with regular activities increased the odds of using the Internet, while being age 60 years or older decreased the odds Data from 187 older adults and 1021 younger adults were included in the analysis excluding missing values Older adults with bipolar disorder use the Internet much less frequently than younger adults Many older adults do not use the Internet, and technology tools are suitable for some but not all older adults As more health services are only available online, and more digital tools are developed, there is concern about growing health disparities based on age Mental health experts should participate in determining the appropriate role for digital tools for older adults with bipolar disorder

/pdf/internet-use-by-older-adults-with-bipolar-disorder-17zfkf1oeo.pdf

Internet use by older adults with bipolar disorder: international survey results.

Individuals with invisible chronic illnesses are often at a disadvantage in the workplace in terms of job security, promotion, and occupational success. Because little is known about the use of public online support forums to help patients with mental health disorders cope with the impact their illness has on their work and career, this research identifies and examines online forum posts related to employment by contributors with bipolar disorder. Seven percent of the total eligible posts from four discussion forums (n = 7,712) contained mentions of work and career (n = 572). A thematic analysis of the 572 posts is reported, organized by characteristics of contributors related to work and career histories, symptoms of bipolar disorder at work, needs for coping at work, the importance of work as part of a healthy life, disclosure of the illness, and recommendations by other contributors. The symptoms associated with the illness can have a negative impact in the work environment. Fear of stigma and other negative consequences inhibit workers from disclosing their condition and negotiating ways to get the fundamental accommodations they need. The posts reveal a climate of fear and uncertainty surrounding mental illness in the workplace, as well as individuals’ desire to conquer their health challenges to achieve meaning and fulfillment in their work life.

https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1264&context=libsci_facpub

The Lived Experience of Work and Career Among Individuals with Bipolar Disorder: A Phenomenological Study of Discussion Forum Narratives

Informatics Technologies in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mental Health Conditions

Background: Peer support is an established component of recovery from bipolar disorder, and online support groups may offer opportunities to expand the use of peer support at the patient’s convenience. Prior research in bipolar disorder has reported value from online support groups. Aims: To understand the use of online support groups by patients with bipolar disorder as part of a larger project about information seeking. Methods: The results are based on a one-time, paper-based anonymous survey about information seeking by patients with bipolar disorder, which was translated into 12 languages. The survey was completed between March 2014 and January 2016 and included questions on the use of online support groups. All patients were diagnosed by a psychiatrist. Analysis included descriptive statistics and general estimating equations to account for correlated data. Results and conclusions: The survey was completed by 1222 patients in 17 countries. The patients used the Internet at a percentage similar to the general public. Of the Internet users who looked online for information about bipolar disorder, only 21.0% read or participated in support groups, chats, or forums for bipolar disorder (12.8% of the total sample). Given the benefits reported in prior research, clarification of the role of online support groups in bipolar disorder is needed. With only a minority of patients using online support groups, there are analytical challenges for future studies.

/pdf/international-multi-site-survey-on-the-use-of-online-support-1eek8cc3tq.pdf

International multi-site survey on the use of online support groups in bipolar disorder.

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International multi-site survey on the use of online support groups in bipolar disorder.