We identify three fundamental requirements for scalable network services: incremental scalability and overflow growth provisioning, 24x7 availability through fault masking, and cost-effectiveness. We argue that clusters of commodity workstations interconnected by a high-speed SAN are exceptionally well-suited to meeting these challenges for Internet-server workloads, provided the software infrastructure for managing partial failures and administering a large cluster does not have to be reinvented for each new service. To this end, we propose a general, layered architecture for building cluster-based scalable network services that encapsulates the above requirements for reuse, and a service-programming model based on composable workers that perform transformation, aggregation, caching, and customization (TACC) of Internet content. For both performance and implementation simplicity, the architecture and TACC programming model exploit BASE, a weaker-than-ACID data semantics that results from trading consistency for availability and relying on soft state for robustness in failure management. Our architecture can be used as an off the shelf infrastructural platform for creating new network services, allowing authors to focus on the content of the service (by composing TACC building blocks) rather than its implementation. We discuss two real implementations of services based on this architecture: TranSend, a Web distillation proxy deployed to the UC Berkeley dialup IP population, and HotBot, the commercial implementation of the Inktomi search engine. We present detailed measurements of TranSend's performance based on substantial client traces, as well as anecdotal evidence from the TranSend and HotBot experience, to support the claims made for the architecture.

https://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~remzi/Classes/736/Fall2007/Papers/tacc.pdf

Cluster-based scalable network services

A control unit for a mobile telephone includes a Web server adapted to connect to a Web browser in the mobile telephone, wherein the Web server receives information and provides the information to the Web browser when connected to the Web browser.

Mobile telephone for internet applications

A method and system automatically harmonizes access to a given software application program via different access devices. Through use of the method and system, a financial institution can provide access to a given application (such as, for example, automatic bill payment services) to customers using different access devices such web browsers, screen phones and personal computers. A single application program is all that needs to be written and maintained by the financial institution. Also, the method and system enables financial institutions to “leverage” existing programs because now the institution can automatically “project” its existing stock of program services unto new access devices—devices which may not have even existed at the time the program was created. By receiving information from the user via the user's access device, including information identifying the type of device being used and the application program the user wishes to access, the present invention solves these problems. The application program is then accessed and the information to be displayed to the user is identified. This information is automatically translated into a format which is compatible with the device, including its display, and sent to the device for display. The user, in turn, inputs information in response to the displayed information and this input information is automatically translated into a format which is compatible with the application program and is sent to the application program. The response generated by the application program is automatically translated to be compatible with the device and is sent to the device.

Method and system for automatically harmonizing access to a software application program via different access devices

CGI scripts enable dynamic generation of HTML pages. This paper describes how to write CGI scripts using Tcl. Many people use Tcl for this purpose already but in an ad hoc way and without realizing many of the more nonobvious benefits. This paper reviews these benefits and provides a framework and examples. Canonical solutions to HTML quoting problems are presented. This paper also discusses using Tcl for the generation of different formats from the same document. As an example, FAQ generation in both text and HTML are described.

/pdf/writing-cgi-scripts-in-tcl-1fxkc5by9l.pdf

Writing CGI scripts in Tcl

CaubwebTM is a research system that allows a user to create local collections of Web documents on the user's computer, for access to those collections when disconnected. The system is part of a project investigating ways to provide adaptive, ongoing read and update interaction with Web-based information, even under conditions of variable or intermittent network connectivity. Caubweb is architecturally an HTTP proxy augmented with value-adding capabilities. To accommodate our design principles of platform-portability and extensibility, we used Tcl as our implementation language. This paper reports on our experience in using Tcl/Tk to build Caubweb. We discuss the structure of our implementation, identify strengths and weaknesses of the language and its tools, contrast Tcl/Tk with alternatives, and present a "call to arms" for the Tcl/Tk community, to promote increased reuse and cooperation.

Caubweb: detaching the web with Tcl

Although innovations on the World Wide Web are currently dominated by exciting client-side products (ie Java, VRML, Netscape Plug-Ins, etc), we believe that there is an equally rich server-side programming opportunity In this paper, we argue that server-side programming will remain an important part of client-server Web applications We then argue that server language(s) and client-side languages have very different requirements, and don't have to be the same language

As a running example, we present Audience1TM, an end-to-end publishing tool for the World Wide Web, which uses Tcl and MTtcl, a multi-threaded Tcl extension library Currently, Audience1 is providing web service and mass customization features for the HotBot search engine (a joint venture between Inktomi and HotWired) HotBot can be found at http://wwwhotbotcom

Programming the internet from the server-side with Tcl and Audience1 TM

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Programming the internet from the server-side with Tcl and Audience1 TM