American Political Science Association

Innocent Women and Children: Gender, Norms and the Protection of Civilians. By R. Charli Carpenter. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2006. 230p. $89.95 cloth. On the occasion of Remembrance Day in grade six and as my classmates and I cut small poppies out of red construction paper, we learned about the brave young Canadian men who died fighting for our freedom and were laid to rest in Flanders Field. A striking memory of this history lesson was that I secretly congratulated myself for being a girl. If I ever found myself in the midst of a war, it was the boys who would have to fight. A narrow escape from a dreadful fate!

Innocent Women and Children: Gender, Norms and the Protection of Civilians

In the context of a greater focus on the politics of migration, the ‘refugee entrepreneur’ has become an increasingly important figure in humanitarian, media, and academic portrayals of refugees. Through a focus on Jordan's Za‘tari refugee camp, which has been deemed a showcase for refugees’ ‘entrepreneurship’, this article argues that the designation of Syrian refugees as ‘entrepreneurs’ is a positioning of Syrians within colonial hierarchies of race that pervade humanitarian work. For many humanitarian workers in Jordan, Syrians' ‘entrepreneurship’ distinguishes them from ‘African’ refugees, who are imagined as passive, impoverished, and dependent on humanitarian largesse. Without explicit racial comparisons, humanitarian agencies simultaneously market Syrian refugees online as ‘entrepreneurs’, to enable them to be perceived as closer to whiteness, and to thereby render them more acceptable to Western audiences and donors, who are imagined as white. This article extends scholarly understandings of the understudied relationship between race and humanitarianism. Furthermore, it asks critical questions about the political work and effects of vision of the ‘refugee entrepreneur’, which it locates within the context of the increasingly neoliberalised refugee regime. ‘Refugee entrepreneurs’ do not need political support and solidarity, but to be allowed to embrace the forces of free-market capitalism.

/pdf/refugees-can-be-entrepreneurs-too-humanitarianism-race-and-1omnqgd8wn.pdf

'#Refugees can be entrepreneurs too!’ Humanitarianism, race, and the marketing of Syrian refugees

have been forced to leave their homes and communities because of the civil war consuming Syria. The displacement, internally and externally, of more than half of the country’s population—one of the largest forced movements of people since the end of World War II—has transformed the region. It has also triggered a wave of political turbulence in Europe as hundreds of thousands have fled across the Mediterranean to seek refuge.

The Consequences of Chaos: Syria s Humanitarian Crisis and the Failure to Protect

From academics to practitioners, many voices have amplified an increasingly popular narrative posing a climate–conflict–migration nexus. This essay reviews the literature on climate security, exploring the human security impacts of climate change in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) with particular attention to the scholarly literature on vulnerability and adaptation. It also examines the policy implications of discourses that frame water, food, and climate‐induced migration as security threats. This review highlights how incorporating human security perspectives from the fields of development and environmental justice into security studies more adequately illuminates complex issues of “climate security.” Drawing on the human security perspective, this review uses empirical material from the MENA to illustrate the enhanced analytical utility of moving beyond state‐based framings of climate security to include communal and individual well‐being. These alternative understandings of climate security offer promising venues for assessing differential vulnerability and adaptive capacities in the MENA region.

What is climate security? Framing risks around water, food, and migration in the Middle East and North Africa

Hosting Guests, Creating Citizens: Models of Refugee Administration in Jordan and Egypt

The struggles endured by men who remain inside Syria and the obstacles faced by others who choose to remove themselves from the fighting by fleeing the country demonstrate a need to redefine classic conceptions of vulnerability and to consider civilian men and their needs as part of a solution rather than a problem.

Gender, conscription and protection, and the war in Syria

/pdf/genero-reclutamiento-y-proteccion-la-guerra-en-siria-3922sjds9j.pdf

Género, reclutamiento y protección: la guerra en Siria

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Hosting Guests, Creating Citizens: Models of Refugee Administration in Jordan and Egypt

Gender, conscription and protection, and the war in Syria

Género, reclutamiento y protección: la guerra en Siria