Biological control of Phytophthora blight and growth promotion in sweet pepper by Bacillus species

The present study aimed to investigate the potentiality of certain biocontrol agents, namely Bacillus subtilis, B. pumilus, B. megaterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Serratia marcescens, Trichoderma album, T. harzianum and T. viride, as well as the synthetic fungicide difenoconazole to control celery powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe heraclei DC, in vitro (against conidia germination and germ tube length of E. heraclei) and in vivo (against disease severity and AUDPC). In vitro, it was found that the antifungal activity of the tested biocontrol agents significantly reduced the germination percentage of the conidia and germ tube length of the pathogen. The reduction in conidia germination ranged between 88.2% and 59.6% as a result of the treatment with B. subtilis and T. album, respectively compared with 97.1% by the synthetic fungicide difenoconazole. Moreover, the fungicide achieved the highest reduction in germ tube length (92.5%) followed by B. megaterium (82.0%), while T. album was the least effective (62.8%). Spraying celery plants with the tested biocontrol agents in the greenhouse significantly reduced powdery mildew severity, as well as the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of application. In this regard, B. subtilis was the most efficient followed by B. pumilus, S. marcescens and B. megaterium, with 80.1, 74.4, 73.2 and 70.5% reductions in disease severity, respectively. In AUDPC, reductions of those microorganisms were 285.3, 380.9, 396.7 and 431.8, respectively, compared to 1539.1 in the control treatment. On the other hand, the fungicide difenoconazole achieved maximum efficacy in reducing disease severity (84.7%) and lowest AUDPC (219.3) compared to the other treatments. In the field, all the applied biocontrol agents showed high efficiency in suppressing powdery mildew on celery plants, with a significant improvement in growth and yield characteristics. In addition, they caused an increase in the concentration of leaf pigments, and the activities of defense-related enzymes such as peroxidase (PO) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and total phenol content (TPC). In conclusion, the results showed the possibility of using tested biocontrol agents as eco-friendly alternatives to protect celery plants against powdery mildew.

Biological Control of Celery Powdery Mildew Disease Caused by Erysiphe heraclei DC In Vitro and In Vivo Conditions.

In this study, 16 endophytes previously isolated from flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) stem tissue without causing any external symptoms, were screened for bioactivity against different root rot pathogens, Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina and three Phytophthora species. While most of the endophytessuppressed pathogen growth in dual culture and exhibited potential as biological control agents, one fungal endophyte A22F1, (Nigrospora sphaerica) was evaluated further in growth chamber and greenhouse experiments in which it markedly reduced Phytophthora capsici root rot on three pepper cultivars ‘California Wonder’, ‘Pepper Cayenne’ and ‘Numex Primarvera’. Thus, endophyte A22F1 has high potential as a biological control agent for P. capsiciin pepper. It’s in vitro bioactivity displayed against F. solani, F. oxysporum, and M. phaseolina requireadditional in vivo studies on susceptible hosts.

/pdf/screening-of-plant-endophytes-as-biological-control-agents-4rkl5ipn2y.pdf

Screening of Plant Endophytes as Biological Control Agents against Root Rot Pathogens of Pepper ( Capsicum annum L.)

Powdery mildew (Erysiphe pulchra) is a devastating disease in nursery production of flowering dogwood (Cornus florida L.). Disease management relies heavily on season-long use of chemical fungicide...

Biological control of powdery mildew on Cornus florida using endophytic Bacillus thuringiensis

Hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla) is an important ornamental crop that has been cultivated for more than 300 years Despite the economic importance, genetic studies for hydrangea have been limited by the lack of genetic resources Genetic linkage maps and subsequent trait mapping are essential tools to identify and make markers available for marker-assisted breeding A transcriptomic study was performed on two important cultivars, Veitchii and Endless Summer, to discover simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and an F1 population based on the cross ‘Veitchii’ × ‘Endless Summer’ was established for genetic linkage map construction Genotyping by sequencing (GBS) was performed on the mapping population along with SSR genotyping From an analysis of 42,682 putative transcripts, 8780 SSRs were identified and 1535 were validated in the mapping parents A total of 267 polymorphic SSRs were selected for linkage map construction The GBS yielded 3923 high quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the mapping population, resulting in a total of 4190 markers that were used to generate maps for each parent and a consensus map The consensus linkage map contained 1767 positioned markers (146 SSRs and 1621 SNPs), spanned 13834 centiMorgans (cM), and was comprised of 18 linkage groups, with an average mapping interval of 08 cM The transcriptome information and large-scale marker development in this study greatly expanded the genetic resources that are available for hydrangea The high-density genetic linkage maps presented here will serve as an important foundation for quantitative trait loci mapping, map-based gene cloning, and marker-assisted selection of H macrophylla

Genomic Resource Development for Hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser.)—A Transcriptome Assembly and a High-Density Genetic Linkage Map

https://digitalscholarship.tnstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1094&context=agricultural-and-environmental-sciences-faculty

Effect of bacteria isolates in powdery mildew control in flowering dogwoods (Cornus florida L.)

https://link-springer-com-443.webvpn.jmu.edu.cn/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-319-39670-5_36.pdf

Diseases of Hydrangea

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Effect of bacteria isolates in powdery mildew control in flowering dogwoods (Cornus florida L.)

Diseases of Hydrangea