The Criminal and His Victim

This article deals with the issue of honour killings, a particular type of intrafamily femicide in defence of honour in Jordan. The legal, social, religious, nationalist and tribal dimensions and arguments on such killings are presented. Drawing on Arabic and English source material the role of rumour, social values and other dynamics in normalising this practice in Jordan today is analysed. Honour killings, which contradict many international and national laws and covenants, are clearly connected to the subordination of women in Jordan and to the 'criming down' of domestic violence. The prevailing discriminatory culture cannot change without implementing a comprehensive programme for socio-legal and political reform.

Intrafamily femicide in defence of honour: the case of Jordan

Women's rights to be free from male violence are now recognized by the United Nations as fundamental human rights. Two parallel transformations in the understanding of rape have been central to the international effort to achieve this declaration. The first is increased recognition of the extent to which rape typically involves intimates. The second is the shift from regarding rape as a criminal justice matter towards an appreciation of its implications for women's health. The focus of this paper is the health burden of rape, which is addressed from the global perspective and includes discussion of its prevalence and psychological, sociocultural, somatic, and reproductive health consequences. Quantitative efforts to capture the relative economic impact of rape compared to other threats to women's health are also discussed. The paper concludes with an agenda for future research on rape that could enrich activists' efforts on behalf of women's health and development.

The Global Health Burden Of Rape

A systematic review of the research literature on honor killings in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) indicates a paucity of studies relative to the presumed magnitude of the problem. Forty articles were reviewed and critically appraised, of which only 9 contained primary data and 11 presented original secondary analyses. Despite a recent increase in published studies, persistent methodological limitations restrict the generalizability of findings. Most studies focus on legal aspects, determinants, and characteristics of victims and perpetrators. Victims are mostly young females murdered by their male kin. Unambiguous evidence of a decline in tolerance of honor killings remains elusive.

Honor Killings in the Middle East and North Africa A Systematic Review of the Literature

The authors argue that cultural and personal systems of honor that depend on the behavior of others are an integral part of the killing of women by their families or intimates. Comparing patterns of conduct in both traditional cultures and English-speaking countries, this study focuses on the basic elements of such honor rationales—control, feelings of shame, and levels of community involvement—to establish that such rationales are a worldwide phenomenon. An appreciation of such honor systems adds an additional theoretical dimension both for understanding the incidence of male intimate violence in English-speaking countries and for cross-cultural comparisons. Furthermore, it contributes to the current need for a theoretical framework that accounts for cultural and contextual patterns of male intimate violence.

Family Killing Fields Honor Rationales in the Murder of Women

Homicide of patrilateral kin on the justification of "restoring the family honour" is here differentiated from other assaults on family members. It is also distinguished from vendetta, which, though aimed at the restoration of family honour, affects strangers. This study outlines the social characteristics of the instances of homicide, attempted homicide, and forced suicide for family honour that occurred in Israel between May 1973 and December 1978. The findings disclose a systematic subjection of the custom to a normative code. It is largely limited to Arab Muslims. Murder by kin is here a consequence of forbidden sexual associations that impinge on a group's esteem. The sensitivity of the groups to their daughters' propriety is a matter of honour not in an absolute sense, but in concrete reference to groups above or below them on the social scale. The killing is, moreover, not a mere punitive response, but a consequence of a shift in the kin group's position on the social ladder; with social mobility t...

Sororicide/Filiacide: Homicide for Family Honour [and Comments and Reply]

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Sororicide/Filiacide: Homicide for Family Honour [and Comments and Reply]