Ellen Ruth Kujawa

TL;DR: A large number of invasive species are known to have negative ecological effects, but few studies have evaluated the impacts of these species relative to the effects ofvasive species control, thereby limiting the scope of these studies.

TL;DR: A statistical approach was used to set ecological condition thresholds based on the observed abundance of sensitive, moderately tolerant and tolerant taxa in each lake, and the resulting lake condition categories were usually stable across multiple survey events and largely agreed with condition rankings assigned using expert judgment.

TL;DR: It is found that overall, adaptive management decreases M. spicatum abundance over time, but that the efficacy of individual herbicide treatments can vary, and it is shown that the effect of herbicide treatment on native macrophytes is variable and can be significant.

TL;DR: Frater et al. as mentioned in this paper examined the long-term efficacy of EWM management using herbicide and derived an empirical equation to quantify longterm treatment success for the lakes in this study.