Social organization in Clethrionomys compared with Microtus and Apodemus: social odours, chemistry and biological effects

Body weights of overwintered males of Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber) were lowest during the year of increase and highest during the peak year. These weight changes showed a relationship with variations in the commencement of breeding. All animals born during the spring and summer of the year of increase became mature during the season of their birth whereas during the pre-peak and peak years there was a suppression of maturation in all males and most females of the year. During the peak year, breeding commenced late and terminated early, and the crash which followed was complete by January. The late summer cohort survived winter best and accounted for the bulk of the overwintered population.

Demography of a cyclic population of the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus

A four year cycle is presented illustrating how interplay of these five points can generate the events leading to a population peak and decline. Sparse populations are associated with a surplus of breeding territories thus leading to minimal social conflict, a long breeding season and maturation of the young born early in the season. However, the progressive increase in numbers during the following 2-3 yr, which is associated with good winter survival, leads to a shortage of breeding territories, increased social strife, delayed breeding and reduced juvenile maturation and survival. Type M and G declines appear to be related to the lack or presence of K3, respectively, during a peak year. The interaction between predation and self regularing mechanisms is interpreted as modifying the rate and extent of the decline and

Roles of Self Regulatory Mechanisms in Cyclic Populations of Clethrionomys with Special Reference to C. Glareolus: A Hypothesis

Overwintering of a Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreb.) population was studied in an enclosure of 0.77 ha in Konnevesi in late winter 1983 and during the winter 1983/84. Trap-chimneys were used during the snowy period. The population was started in late September 1982 with six females and eight males and in late 1983 with nine females and seven males. During October before both winters the population aggregated in the parts of the enclosure covered by brush-vegetation. These sites had also the thickest snow cover during mid-winter. In 1983, two overwintered females and one post-breeding summer born female remained on that parts of their summer home ranges, which overlapped brush vegetation; immature animals aggregated with these individuals. Post-breeding females remained significantly heavier in mid-winter than males, which again were significantly heavier than summer-born females remaining immature during the summer of their birth. Food availability is suggested as one reason for the beginning of breeding already in January. Survival of the population was high, especially for females. In late spring of 1983 the population crashed to zero either because of predation or because of some other environmental conditions during the spring thaw.

Social organization of an enclosed winter population of the bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus

Odour cue recognition by dominant male bank voles, Clethrionomys glareolus

The size and appearance of the preputial glands of Clethrionomys glareolus showed variations which were associated with season, sex and maturation. The glands were by far largest in mature males followed by mature females, and subadult males and females, in that order. There was a positive relationship between the length, fresh weight and dry weight of the glands. The possible role of the preputial glands in relation to territorially, social status and sexual attraction is discussed.

Morphological variations in the preputial gland of wild bank voles, Clethrionomys glareolus

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Einar Eilertsen

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Morphological variations in the preputial gland of wild bank voles, Clethrionomys glareolus