<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Contribution: Screening rates for engineering students for several major and moderate mental health issues are reported, including unspecified psychological distress as captured by the Kessler 6 screening instrument; screening rates for depressive, anxiety, and eating disorders as measured by the patient health questionnaire (PHQ); and screening rates for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as measured by the primary care post-traumatic stress disorder (PC-PTSD) instrument. This work also explores how mental health issues affect different student demographic groups within engineering. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Background: Anecdotal evidence has long suggested that stress and certain mental health issues are particularly acute in the field of Engineering, and some recent research has shown elevated rates of mental health issues at different institutions around the country. This article presents the results of a previously validated mental health survey conducted with first- and second-year students at eight universities. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Intended Outcomes: A better understanding of which mental health issues affect engineering students as a population, and an understanding of what mental health disparities exist among different demographics in engineering. This information is intended to allow engineering programs, student groups, and other stakeholders to better target mental health resources for all engineering students. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Application Design: This work combines several widely used population-scale mental health diagnostic tools into a single comprehensive survey instrument that was deployed to first- and second-year engineering students at eight universities nationwide. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Findings: This study finds that 50% of respondents screening positive for a major mental health condition—including depression, anxiety, PTSD, an eating disorder, or major psychological distress—while only 16% of respondents report having ever received a diagnosis for a mental health condition. Women respondents are more likely to screen positive for anxiety disorders ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.4\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> for panic disorder, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.2\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> for other anxiety, and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1.9\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> for PTSD) and major depressive disorder ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.3\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) relative to men. Respondents reporting physical disabilities have significantly higher likelihoods of suffering from mental health issues than peers with no reported physical disabilities and are <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.9\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> more likely to screen positive for PTSD. Identifying as Hispanic was also a significant predictor of major depressive disorder ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.2\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> more likely) and PTSD ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.5\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> more likely).

/pdf/mental-health-in-engineering-education-identifying-16xn82s1.pdf

Mental Health in Engineering Education: Identifying Population and Intersectional Variation

ABSTRACT Using data from 1,401 university students, we examined differences between gender and ethnic groups in public stigma, self-stigma, negative attitudes toward mental health services, and reasons for seeking mental health services. Male students reported more negative attitudes toward mental health treatment, more self-stigma, and lower likelihood of seeking treatment than female students. Asian students reported more negative attitudes toward mental health services, more self-stigma, and lower likelihood of seeking services than Black, Latinx, Middle Eastern, and White students. This study aims to enrich the literature on ethnic minority students’ mental health attitudes, while providing practical implications for university counselors and other mental health professionals.

Gender and Ethnic Differences in University Students’ Attitudes about Mental Health Services

As Latinx are the largest minority and immigrant population in the United States, therapists are increasingly likely to work with this population. The high rates of psychological distress that Lati...

Mindfulness Interventions for Latinx Immigrant Couples: Contextual and Cultural Considerations

Abstract Acculturation after settlement has been identified as a risk factor affecting the mental health of immigrant youth. Increasing rates of immigration and expanding populations of immigrant youth mean that addressing their mental is a priority. Acculturative stress is the stress-response resulting from the effects of multiple stressors that result from the need to acculturate. Among youth within the developmental stages of late adolescence and emerging adulthood, increased sensitivity to stress, and developmental demands, impact their mental health. The effects of acculturative stress place an additional burden on the mental health of immigrant youth. This scoping review examined existing literature that investigated a variety of relationships between acculturative stress and youth mental health. A comprehensive search strategy that focused on studies involving youth, mainly aged between 15-24, with a proximal history of international migration, published between 2012-2022, resulted in a collection of fifty-three studies. This review examined significant relationships between acculturative stress and major depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, substance misuse, behavioural problems and poor psychological wellbeing. This scoping review was truly explorative as it included youth from immigrant minorities, had no geographical limits, and included various study designs. Acculturative stress continues to be an important contributor to the mental health of youth who have a proximal history of international migration. This review provided an exploration of the state of research, identified the importance of the settlement context, and provided recommendations for the direction of future studies, supportive policies, and practice considerations, related to the mental health of immigrant youth. 

The Role of Acculturative Stress on the Mental Health of Immigrant Youth: A Scoping Literature Review

Discrimination, as a psychosocial stressor functions as one pathway in reduced mental health among Hispanic/Latinx undergraduates Intrinsic value orientation is associated with adaptive functionin

The Buffering Effect of Intrinsic Value Orientation on the Relationship between Everyday Discrimination and Mental Health Symptoms among Hispanic/Latinx Undergraduates

Latinx college students experience depression and anxiety similarly to other groups. Systemic factors (e.g., discrimination, family support) may exacerbate or protect from symptoms. We incorporated...

Microsystem and Macrosystem Predictors of Latinx College Students’ Depression and Anxiety:

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Microsystem and Macrosystem Predictors of Latinx College Students’ Depression and Anxiety: