In this paper, a particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based design of power stage components of a fourth-order dc–dc converters is presented. A low source current ripple fourth-order boost converter is analyzed and used the PSO algorithm for its energy storage elements design and optimization. Through time-domain analysis, state-space models are established, and then, discrete-time-domain transfer functions are formulated. The origin of an up–down glitch in the control-to-output transfer function and its implications on dynamics is addressed. A generalized optimization procedure, based on PSO, with a possibility to extend for other higher order topologies is proposed to resolve the contradictory issues of steady-state and dynamic performance requirements. A 12- to 28-V 30-W prototype converter is used to compare the steady-state and dynamic performance both in simulation and experiment. The distinct feature of low source current ripple of the converter and its PSO-based optimized design is experimentally demonstrated.

Optimized Power Stage Design of Low Source Current Ripple Fourth-Order Boost DC–DC Converter: A PSO Approach

A new fourth-order buck converter exhibiting better dynamic performance (no right-half-plane zeros) and voltage gain identical to the buck converter with input filter is proposed. Converter design expressions are formulated through time-domain analysis. The proposed converter performance is compared with other buck topologies reported in literature. State-space and discrete-time analysis is established, and then small-signal models are obtained. These transfer functions reveal that there is no right half of $s$ -plane zero in the control-to-output transfer function. A digital voltage-mode controller is designed, and then enhanced dynamic performance features of the proposed converter are brought out through analysis and then compared with other fourth-order converters reported. A 42- to 28-V 75-W converter prototype is made for simulation and experimental investigation. The distinct features of the proposed converter are demonstrated through analytical computer simulations and experimental results.

Analysis of Minimum-Phase Fourth-Order Buck DC–DC Converter

A double input DC-DC converter based on Zero-Voltage Transition technique enough to attract power from two distinct sources serving a joint dc-bus is projected This converter belongs to higher-order family behaving as buck converter with one dc source and it also performs as both buck and boost converter with another source Here the two sources either independently or concurrently deliver power to the consequent load with least ripple current is an important aspect of the suggested converter This aspect is mainly needed for photo-voltaic applications The main objective here is to realize the soft-transition by incorporating the ZVT cell into the double input DC-DC converter which allows to increase the efficiency by decreasing the switching losses and current/voltage stresses in the converter The digital voltage controller for the converter is designed using SISO tool in MATLAB Analysis of 24V, 96W converter is done through both experimental process and simulation

Double input soft-transition DC-DC converter for photo-voltaic applications

A new two-input multi-port DC-DC converter suitable to draw power from two different dc sources, sources can be either dc or photovoltaic source, and then feeding a common dc-bus is proposed in this paper. This multi-port converter consists of two-switching devices, two diodes and four energy storage elements. Both bucking as well as buck-boost features are integrated within the single converter structure. The salient feature of the proposed converter is that both the sources either individually or simultaneously supply power to the downstream load. A centralized digital controller, full order, is designed using equivalent transfer function approach to regulate the dc-bus voltage together with load distribution on the input sources. A 24 V, 100 Watt prototype converter performance is analyzed and compared with the experimental observations. Simulated load distribution and bus voltage regulation features are in close agreement with experimental observations.

Centralized digital controller for two-input integrated DC-DC converter

The intensifying requirement for energy and high depletion rate of fossil fuels has led to the extensive use of renewable sources. DC grid system provides the best platform for utilization of the available renewable sources in both commercial and domestic applications. In comparison with AC grid, the number of interfacing converters required in case of DC grid is less. This paper presents us an analysis of upgradation in the field of DC grid till date. Various dominant factors that have to be acknowledged in architecture of a DC grid have been put forward. For example, grid voltage level, grid protection and battery integration. As we know in AC grid there is not any one fixed specific voltage level that can be followed to form a DC grid. Therefore, different proposed voltage levels have been analyzed by explaining their advantages and disadvantages. Most importantly, here, we have discussed about battery integration, since in DC grid, it assures system reliability. Discussions have also been made on the areas related to DC grid protection.

A Review of Advancements in DC Grid Technology

A new two-input DC-DC converter suitable to draw power from two different dc sources feeding a common dc-bus is presented in this paper. This is a two-switch converter belongs to sixth-order family and performs bucking operation for one dc source while it allows both bucking as well as boosting feature with the second source. The salient feature of the proposed converter is that both the sources either individually or simultaneously supply power to the downstream load at reduced ripple current. This feature is particularly attractive for photovoltaic power processing applications. A digital voltage-mode controller is designed for downstream dc-bus regulation while the current controller regulates the power from the weak input power source. A 24 V, 100 Watt converter performance is analyzed through simulations and then compared with the experimental observations.

Two-input DC-DC converter for DC-Grid applications

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Two-input DC-DC converter for DC-Grid applications