Abstract A project has been launched for the development of a laser-based neutron source with the few-cycle lasers available at ELI ALPS. Here we show the first experiments, when deuterons were accelerated from ultrathin deuterated foils at 1 Hz repetition rate with the use of 12 fs, 21 mJ laser pulses. The energy spectra of the accelerated deuterons were measured with Thomson ion spectrometers both in forward and backward directions. The accelerated deuterons induced 2 H + 2 H fusion reaction in a deuterated polyethylene disk. The resulting fast neutrons were measured with a time-of-flight (ToF) detector system, within which each detector consisted of a plastic scintillator and a photomultiplier, at four different angles relative to the normal of the neutron converter disk. We found good agreement with the simulated angular distribution and energy spectra. Here, we also present preparations for the next phases when the repetition rate is increased to 10 Hz. The developed flat liquid jet was demonstrated to accelerate protons over 0.6 MeV cutoff energy with a stability better than 4% for 15 min. We developed two further neutron measurement techniques: a liquid scintillator, the ToF signal of which was evaluated with the pulse shape discrimination method, and a bubble detector spectrometer calibrated against a conventional PuBe source. One of the first upcoming applications is the irradiation of zebrafish embryos with laser-generated ultrashort bunch neutrons. As this experiment needs to be implemented in vacuum, the steps of careful preparation and calibration measurements are also discussed. 

Towards a 1010 n/s neutron source with kHz repetition rate, few-cycle laser pulses

An indirect method based on timestamp analysis is developed to estimate the deadtime of a data acquisition (DAQ) system as a function of data size (deadtime function). The performance of two types of time-to-digital converter (TDC) modules, the CAEN V1190 and the AMSC AMT-TDC, are studied by applying the proposed method to a test DAQ system built with the TDC modules. With the aid of this method, the DAQ system of the SAMURAI spectrometer at the RIKEN radioactive isotope beam factory (RIBF) is optimized. Through the optimization, the minimum deadtime of one event decreases from about 170 μs to about 45 μs. 

Indirect method to estimate the deadtime of a data acquisition system as a function of the data size

Tracking the evolution of nuclear properties away from stability serves as a valuable test for nuclear models. In the present work, the $(p,n)$ charge-exchange reaction was used to test the extraction of ${\ensuremath{\beta}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ Gamow-Teller transition strengths, $B(\mathrm{GT})$, from proton-rich unstable isotopes, and the resulting $B(\mathrm{GT})$ values were compared to shell-model and ab initio calculations. The $^{11}\mathrm{C}(p,n)^{11}\mathrm{N}$ reaction was measured in inverse kinematics at 95 MeV/u at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. The $B(\mathrm{GT})$ values to the ${\frac{1}{2}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ state at 0.73 MeV and the ${\frac{3}{2}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ state at 2.86 MeV in $^{11}\mathrm{N}$ were determined to be $0.18{(1)}^{\mathrm{stat}}{(3)}^{\mathrm{sys}}$ and $0.18{(1)}^{\mathrm{stat}}{(4)}^{\mathrm{sys}}$, respectively. These results are consistent with shell-model calculations using the wbp interaction after introducing a phenomenological quenching factor and with ab initio variational Monte Carlo calculations using the $NV2+3I{a}^{*}$ $NN$ and $3N$ interactions without any scaling. Additionally, this result is consistent with the $B(\mathrm{GT})$ values extracted from mirror $^{11}\mathrm{B}(n,p)$ and $^{11}\mathrm{B}(t,^{3}\mathrm{He})$ reactions. This experiment demonstrates the feasibility of using the $(p,n)$ probe in inverse kinematics to extract $B(\mathrm{GT})$ from proton-rich nuclei, although improved background suppression will be important in future experiments. 

Probing spin-isospin excitations in proton-rich nuclei via the 
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Laser-driven deuterons generate neutrons with a mean energy of 2.5 MeV, through the 

Fast neutron generation with few-cycle, relativistic laser pulses at 1 Hz repetition rate

The status of a project to measure spin-isospin responses of neutron drip-line nuclei using a new low-energy neutron detector, PANDORA (Particle Analyzer Neutron Detector Of Real-time Acquisition), is reported. The performance of PANDORA was characterized by the 6He ( p , n ) 6Li reaction in inverse kinematics at the HIMAC facility in Chiba. Observation of the strong transition to the ground state in 6Li is discussed. Preliminary results of 11Li ( p , n ) 11Be and 14Be ( p , n ) 14B experiments in inverse kinematics at RI Beam Factory (RIBF) of RIKEN Nishina Center are also presented including the exotic decay channel of 11Be → 9 Li + d. Details of the experimental setup based on PANDORA and the SAMURAI large-acceptance magnetic spectrometer, as well as the combined data-acquisition system are described. The neutron-gamma discrimination capability of PANDORA was evaluated, Figure-of-Merit (FoM) values higher than those found in the literature for similar materials were derived from experimental data.

/pdf/study-of-spin-isospin-responses-of-radioactive-nuclei-with-o3fji3h9yb.pdf

Study of spin-isospin responses of radioactive nuclei with the background-reduced neutron spectrometer, PANDORA

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Study of spin-isospin responses of radioactive nuclei with the background-reduced neutron spectrometer, PANDORA