The COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath that have swept across the world from 2020 through the present has provided an abundance of often conflicting ideas about how to protect the self and others, including issues related to misinformation and conspiracy theories. This study sought to investigate how belief in conspiracy theories interacted with the personality traits of agency, communion, unmitigated agency (UA), and unmitigated communion (UC) to predict the extent to which participants felt that COVID-19 presented a real threat to society and the extent to which mitigation efforts such as masking and social distancing could help stop the spread of the disease. Participants (n = 105) were recruited via social media posts and represented a diverse sample in terms of age, ethnicity, and gender. Results generally indicate that conspiracy beliefs are associated with not believing that COVID-19 poses a threat to well-being and that mitigation efforts are not efficacious, however higher levels of agency and communion are protective against these beliefs whereas higher levels of UA exacerbate them. UC was not significant in these analyses. Implication will be discussed.

The effects of agentic and communal traits and conspiracy beliefs on covid-19 beliefs and behaviors

Adolescence is a stage of change and transition, which together with the COVID-19 situation, has been a huge source of vulnerability and facilitated the development of emotional disorders. This study aims to analyse internalising (anxiety and depression) and externalising (anger and aggression) symptoms in adolescence according to gender, as well as personal resources (self-esteem, social competence and integration, and awareness of problems) put in place as a mechanism of protection and coping after the situation of the pandemic. The study population encompassed 445 adolescents, of whom 230 were boys and 215 were girls, between the ages of 12 and 17. A self-reported Likert-type test was used. Findings indicate that girls show greater levels of internalising (anxiety and depression) and externalising problems (anger), finding no differences for the variable aggression between the two groups. Personal resources are closely linked to emotional symptomatology, providing a source of protection in both genders. The findings indicate a maladaptive pattern for adolescents that requires early intervention within the field of education. 

Socio-Emotional Problems and Personal Resources in Spanish Adolescents after COVID-19. Gender Difference.

Reading is essential at all educational levels. This study explores factors influencing reading achievement among Saudi students, using structural equation modeling (SEM) based on PISA 2018 data. It examines whether students' perceptions of teacher support enhance reading skills by promoting self-efficacy and a sense of belonging. Results show that perceived teacher support does not directly affect reading interest (p-value = 0.868). However, self-efficacy and a sense of belonging fully mediate the relationship between teacher support and reading interest. Positive correlations were found between teacher support, self-efficacy, a sense of belonging, and reading ability (p-value = 0.001). This research offers insights into Saudi Arabia's educational context and can inform future studies in similar educational systems. 

Modeling cognitive and non-cognitive factors that influence students' reading achievement in Saudi Arabia: A structural equation modeling analysis of PISA (2018)

The Mediating Role of Positive Events in Language Learners’ Social Anxiety, Positive Emotions, and Emotion Suppression in a Technology-Enhanced Learning Environment

Within the Pakistani family structure, decision-making authority pertaining to domestic and financial affairs is vested in the patriarch. Nevertheless, as time passes, a substantial change in the interplay of forces has been noted, in which adults, in addition to their parents, exert considerable influence in the decision-making process. Furthermore, the marketer recognized this delegation of decision-making power. The initiated investigation of this phenomenon was motivated by research findings that corroborate its existence. The study's objective is to investigate the emergence of adolescent influence in Pakistani decision-making processes. By utilizing a quantitative methodology, this study investigates the increasing influence of adolescents throughout different phases of decision-making and focuses on particular aspects pertaining to product selections within the family environment. The study posits that adolescents do, in fact, exert influence over the intricate web of family decision-making, which is consistent with previous research patterns. Nonetheless, a salient observation arises: parents maintain their authority in directing comprehensive family decisions. Given the absence of previous investigations in this particular domain, this study represents an innovative endeavor that sheds light on various facets of consumer behavior within the Pakistani context.

Shifting paradigms: The examination of adolescent influence in Pakistani family consumer choices

Abstract. Despite the conceptual proximity between the basic needs and agency and communion and their similar function for psychological functioning, studies investigating their interplay are scarce. This study aims to investigate their joint role in hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-reports were collected from 13,313 adolescents (Sample 1) and 1,707 young adults (Sample 2) from Austria. The results show the importance of both agency and communion for the fulfillment of different basic needs and their role in well-being, with a universal interaction effect between communion and perceived competence on intrinsic motivation (eudaimonic aspect) in both gender groups in adolescence, as well as on positive emotions (hedonic aspect) among young women. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Basic Psychological Needs and Agency and Communion During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus urged all members of the society to adopt COVID-responsible behavioral patterns and practice them in everyday life. Given the variability in its adoption, it is critical to understand psychological factors associated with socially responsible behavior during the pandemic. This might be even more important among adolescents, who are less endangered by the virus but contribute to its spread. In this article, we focus on adolescent boys’ and girls’ agency and communion orientations to explain the level of importance they attribute to the instituted measures to contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus (personal norm), as well as their behavioral adherence to those measures. In total, 12,552 adolescents (67.6% girls, Mage = 15.06, SDage = 2.44, age range 10–21) answered inventory assessing adolescents’ agentic and communal orientation (GRI-JUG) and items related to personal norm regarding the instituted measures and behavioral adherence to the measures. The results showed a small positive role of communion in both boys’ and girls’ personal norm and behavioral adherence, whereas agency played a very small negative role in boys’ and girls’ personal norm and boys’ behavioral adherence to measures. Nevertheless, these findings could indicate the importance of enhancing communal traits and behaviors in both genders in order to assure socially responsible behavior during the pandemic.

The role of the Big Two in socially responsible behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: Agency and communion in adolescents’ personal norm and behavioral adherence to instituted measures

Although adolescence is characterized by increasing individuation, parental support represents an important resource especially in early adolescence. This multi-informant study examined the role of parental self-efficacy in providing emotional and instrumental support when early adolescents partially learned from home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on a resources model of coping, we examined effects of parental self-efficacy on early adolescents' reports of self-regulated learning (SRL), learning self-efficacy, and positive emotions, mediated via early adolescents’ problem-focused and emotion-focused coping. Assumptions were tested among 263 Austrian parent-child dyads. While the mediation assumption was rejected, we identified positive associations between emotional support and SRL, and between problem-focused coping and SRL, learning self-efficacy, and positive emotions. Instrumental support negatively related to SRL, suggesting benefits of emotional over instrumental support.

The Role of Parental Self-Efficacy Regarding Parental Support for Early Adolescents’ Coping, Self-Regulated Learning, Learning Self-Efficacy and Positive Emotions

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Basic Psychological Needs and Agency and Communion During the COVID-19 Pandemic

The role of the Big Two in socially responsible behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: Agency and communion in adolescents’ personal norm and behavioral adherence to instituted measures

The Role of Parental Self-Efficacy Regarding Parental Support for Early Adolescents’ Coping, Self-Regulated Learning, Learning Self-Efficacy and Positive Emotions