A FD-program for calculating the resonant fields in a perturbed chain of rectangular cavities is presented. The unperturbed cavity chain can be discretized exactly by standard FD-programs that operate on regular grids. Discretizing a perturbed chain exactly with such a grid would lead to a computation time inversely proportional to the perturbation. GdfidL does not represent the grid as a matrix but as a linked list. This allows discretizing arbitrarily small perturbations of a certain class without increasing the time for the solution. As a nice side-effect, only interesting volumes are discretized, reducing the computation time further.

GdfidL: a finite difference program for arbitrarily small perturbations in rectangular geometries

We argue that, in static situations (magnetostatics, for instance) all materials can be considered as locally isotropic, though not homogeneous. Genuine anisotropy appears only in dynamic situations, e.g., in wave propagation problems.

On the notion of anisotropy of constitutive laws

A superconducting helical resonator is described that resonates at a lowest order mode resonance of 43.42 MHz, when a half-wavelength long, and at multiples of this frequency. Using reflection measurements the Q factor was measured at the second resonance (86.70 MHz) between 25 K and 90 K for a superconducting YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub x/ (YBCO) helix on a tubular yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrate. Experimental investigation showed a Q factor significantly better than that for a copper-wire helix below 77 K; the losses were dominated by the dielectric. >

Investigation of superconducting thick-film helical resonator

The imaging photometer and spectroscopic camera PACS, one of the three scientific instruments aboard the European 3.5 m infrared space telescope FIRST, will apply a tilting mirror mechanism for optical beam switching. The development of this focal plane chopper, capable of operation under cryovacuum conditions, is reported here. In order to meet the stringent requirements with respect to power dissipation and positional accuracy, special drive coils and a new position sensor had to be developed. A simulation model including electromagnetic analysis by the 3D code MAFIA, verified by extensive cold testing of the prototype hardware, was used for the optimization of the system and led to the advanced prototype of the chopper. Closed loop control of the mirror deflection allows square wave modulation in the frequency range 0 - 15 Hz (80% duty cycle) with amplitudes of +/- 9 degree(s) with high positional accuracy of less than 30'. The power dissipation at operating temperature of 4 K is below 500 (mu) W.© (2000) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Cold focal plane chopper for the PACS instrument of the FIRST satellite: tests of an advanced prototype

The quality factor (Q) of a dielectrically loaded cavity resonator is reduced due to conductor losses. An electrically small dielectrically loaded cavity resonator is described where the conductor losses are minimized by the use of corrugated cylindrical walls. When excited in the TE/sub 01d/ dielectric resonator mode the unloaded Q-factor was seen to be 89% higher for the corrugated cavity than an equivalent cylindrical cavity. The calculated conductor Q-factor was 4.7 times greater. The proposed cavity structure therefore allows the dielectrically loaded cavity to have an unloaded Q-factor determined primarily by the dielectric loss of the dielectric resonator. >

High-Q dielectrically loaded electrically small cavity resonators

The MAFIA group of fully three-dimensional computer codes for solving Maxwell's equations for a wide range of applications is discussed. The MAFIA family consists of a number of independent programs that interact through a common file base. A single preprocessor acts as the input program, which defines the geometry of the problem, the mesh, and the different materials of the various bodies. Extensive comparisons with measurements have demonstrated the accuracy of the computations. The authors describe the mathematical approach taken by the MAFIA codes for the solution of Maxwell's equations in the time and frequency domains in three dimensions. >

The 3-D MAFIA group of electromagnetic codes

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The 3-D MAFIA group of electromagnetic codes