Agronomic efficiency of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize hybrids in pests control on Lucas do Rio Verde city, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil

A densidade de plantas é uma prática de manejo relevante para obtenção de altas produtividades na cultura da soja (Glycine max (L) Merrill). A tendência de diminuir a população de plantas é crescente devido ao alto custo das sementes. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico de diferentes cultivares de soja à redução na densidade de plantas no Planalto Norte Catarinense. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso dispostos em parcelas subdivididas. Nas parcelas principais foram avaliadas cinco cultivares: AS3590 IPRO, BMX Ativa RR, BMX Zeus IPRO, M5838 IPRO e NS5445 IPRO. Nas subparcelas foram avaliadas quatro densidades populacionais: 120.000 plantas ha-1, 160.000 plantas ha-1, 200.000 plantas ha-1 e a testemunha (densidade indicada pela detentora da cultivar). Foram realizadas avaliações de rendimento de grãos e seus componentes e os dados submetidos a análise de variância utilizando teste de F. Quando significativas, as médias dos efeitos principais foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, e em caso de interação, as médias foram comparadas por análise de regressão. Ambas as comparações foram ao nível de significância de 5%. A redução na população de plantas não afetou o número de vagens por área, o número de grãos por vagem, o índice de colheita e o rendimento de grãos. Por outro lado, a redução na densidade de plantas aumentou o número de vagens nos ramos e por planta. As cultivares de soja testadas suportaram reduções na população de plantas, sem afetar o rendimento de grãos e a produtividade. Desta maneira, a redução na densidade de plantas pode ser recomendada para a soja cultivada no Planalto Norte Catarinense.

/pdf/resposta-de-cultivares-de-soja-a-reducao-na-densidade-de-1ifto4i0.pdf

Resposta de cultivares de soja à redução na densidade de plantas no planalto norte catarinense

Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate plant growth, soybean grain yield and production cost depending on the use of different populations.
 
Theoretical reference: Among management practices, plant population is an extremely important stage for the establishment of soybean crops. In many cases, just changing the plant population is enough to result in high gains in crop grain productivity.
 
Methodology: A randomized block design was used, with four treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of densities of 200, 250, 300 and 350 thousand seeds ha-1. Plant height, insertion height of the first pod, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, mass of one thousand grains and grain productivity were evaluated.
 
Results and conclusion: Populations influenced grain productivity, with the highest productivity being achieved in the population of 250 thousand, 5905 kg ha-1. It was concluded that sowing density affects the number of pods per plant and soybean grain productivity. The density of 250 thousand seeds ha-1 was the one that provided the highest productivity of soybeans and the lowest sowing cost.
 
Research implications: Determining the best population of soybean plants in different locations is essential to reduce producer costs.
 
Originality/value: Most research works focus on the use of inputs, disregarding that the plant population can affect crop performance and production costs.

Soybean Population Management Seeking Greater Grain Productivity

Este trabalho avaliou o programa Gotas, desenvolvido pela Embrapa Informatica Agropecuaria e Embrapa Meio Ambiente, para comparacao de resultados de deposicao de pulverizacao aerea, em diferentes situacoes de temperatura e umidade relativa. Constatou-se que o programa permite estimativas fidedignas de parâmetros imprescindiveis a tomada de decisao sobre a calibracao da pulverizacao. As pulverizacoes com aeronaves realizadas em condicoes de temperatura 36 oC e 25% de umidade relativa foram totalmente inadequadas.

http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/bitstream/doc/15921/1/boletim39.pdf

Uso do programa computacional Gotas para avaliação da deposição de pulverização aérea sob diferentes condições climáticas.

Caracterização agronômica de cultivares transgênicas de soja cultivadas no Rio Grande do Sul

Soybeans sowing in different plants’ spatial distribution can influence the phytosanitary management of this crop and, consequently, impact on grains yield. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of plants arrangements on infestation and control of caterpillars, the deposition of spray syrup as well as assess the agronomic performance of soybean cultivated in the Brazilian Cerrado. The assay was performed during two consecutive seasons in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Soybean cultivation was implemented in 0.50 m spacing between rows, crossed (0.50 m x 0.50 m), twin rows (0.25 m / 0.75 m), and narrow (0.25 m). In the reproductive stage of plants, both crossed and narrow arrangements showed higher caterpillars’ incidence. There was a more evident risk of caterpillar incidence in arrangements that promoted better equidistance among plants. This risk was mitigated when taking into account both control and overlap of syrup, which could be incremented into inferior canopy with the enhancement of application rate. The increase in application rate from 75 to 150 L ha promoted superior spray deposition volumes. Increases in grain yield was noted in the narrow arrangement.

/pdf/phytosanitary-risks-and-agronomic-performance-of-soybeans-3rz71npxgo.pdf

Phytosanitary risks and agronomic performance of soybeans associated with spatial arrangements of plants.

New technologies to pests control in maize should be periodically reviewed for adoption in the cereal producing regions. This study aimed to evaluate the population dynamics of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and the predator Doru luteipes (Scudder) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae) in the development of conventional and Bt transgenic maize. The trial was set up in the off-season cultivation in Rio Verde, GO, Brazil. The experimental design was the randomized blocks with 24 repetitions. The hybrids P 3041 and P 3041YG were used, with a population of 50,000 plants.ha-1. It were evaluated the number of insects and the damages caused by the caterpillars on the leaves, stems and tassel, quantification and presence of internodes with galleries, plant height and insertion of ear, grain mass per ear and grain yield. The results allowed concluding that the hybrid P 3041YG showed lower damage of S. frugiperda and presented higher grain mass of ear and grain yield compared to the P 3041conventional hybrid.

Population dynamics of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) and Doru luteipes (Scudder) in conventional and Bt transgenic maize.

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Phytosanitary risks and agronomic performance of soybeans associated with spatial arrangements of plants.

Population dynamics of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) and Doru luteipes (Scudder) in conventional and Bt transgenic maize.