National Cell Bank, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran, Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, United States, Department of General, Organic, and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau, 19, B-7000 Mons, Belgium, Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran 14588, Iran, Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming University, No 155, Sec. 2, LiNong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Nanotechnology Toxicology Consulting & Training, Inc., Nova Scotia, Canada, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie Medical School, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, and Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology (INSAT), University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7ER, U.K., Nanotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Magnetic resonance imaging tracking of stem cells in vivo using iron oxide nanoparticles as a tool for the advancement of clinical regenerative medicine.

In recent years, water pollution and pesticide accumulation in the food chain have become a serious environmental and health hazard problem. Direct determination of these contaminants is a difficult task due to their low concentration level and the matrix interferences. Therefore, an efficient separation and preconcentration procedure is often required prior to the analysis. With the advancement in nanotechnology, various types of magnetic core-shell nanoparticles have successfully been synthesized and received considerable attention as sorbents for decontamination of diverse matrices. Magnetic core-shell nanoparticles with surface modifications have the advantages of large surface-area-to-volume ratio, high number of surface active sites, no secondary pollutant, and high magnetic properties. Due to their physicochemical properties, surface-modified magnetic core-shell nanoparticles exhibit high adsorption efficiency, high rate of removal of contaminants, and easy as well as rapid separation of adsorbent from solution via external magnetic field. Such facile separation is essential to improve the operation efficiency. In addition, reuse of nanoparticles would substantially reduce the treatment cost. In this review article, we have attempted to summarize recent studies that address the preconcentration methods of pesticide residue analysis and removal of toxic contaminants from aquatic systems using magnetic core-shell nanoparticles as adsorbents.

Synthesis and surface engineering of magnetic nanoparticles for environmental cleanup and pesticide residue analysis: A Review

Nanocrystals of Al2O3 and Al2O3/MgO have been produced by a modified aerogel synthesis involving the corresponding aluminum tri-tert-butoxide, magnesium methoxide, toluene, methanol, ethanol, and water. The resulting oxides are in the form of powders having crystallites of about 2 nm or less in dimension. These crystallites have been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Brunauer−Emmet−Teller (BET) methods, and were found to possess high surface areas and pore volumes (800 m2/g for Al2O3 and 790 m2/g for Al2O3/MgO, compared to 450 m2/g for MgO). As seen with other metal oxides, once they are produced as nanoparticles, their reactivity is greatly enhanced on a per unit surface area basis. This is thought to be due to morphological differences, whereas larger crystallites have only a small percentage of reactive sites on the surface, smaller crystallites possess much higher surface concentration of such sites per unit surface area. Elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectro...

Synthesis, Characterization, and Adsorption Studies of Nanocrystalline Aluminum Oxide and a Bimetallic Nanocrystalline Aluminum Oxide/Magnesium Oxide

Heterobimetallic molecular precursors [Co2(acac)2mu-OH)2Cu4(dmae)4Cl4] (2) and [Ni2(acac)2(mu-OH)2Cu4(dmae)4Cl4] (3) [dmaeH = N,N-dimethylaminoethanol and acac = 2,4-pentanedionate] for the deposition of mixed oxide thin films were prepared by the interaction of tetrameric N,N-dimethylaminoethanolato copper(II) chloride, [Cu(dmae)Cl]4 (1) with M(acac)2xH2O, [M = Co, Ni] in toluene Both heterobimetallic cage complexes were characterized by melting point, elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, magnetometery, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction Complexes 2 and 3 are isostructural and crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/n A TGA study shows that both complexes undergo controlled thermal decomposition at 450 degrees C to give mixed metal oxides Solid-state infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis were performed to analyze the chemical composition and surface morphology of the deposited oxide thin films The results obtained indicate the formation of impurity-free crystalline mixed oxide films with particle sizes ranging from 055 to 20 microm

Synthesis of isostructural cage complexes of copper with cobalt and nickel for deposition of mixed ceramic oxide materials.

We have synthesized strontium hexaferrite particles in an alkaline medium using a hydrothermal process at 180 °C. Crystalline phase of samples were determined by XRD and spectroscopic, morphological, and magnetic investigation of the sample were FT-IR, SEM, and TG analysis, respectively. XRD analysis revealed few impurity phases in the as-made powder; upon calcinations, the material is converted to desired hexaferrite phase. As synthesized powder exhibits agglomerates with rather smooth facets, in the form of thick platelets. Upon calcination, all these structures were observed to transfer to rod-like structures. The As calcined sample has high specific saturation magnetization (Ms) values of 65 emu/g that is close to its theoretical value of 74.3 emu/g but the hydrothermally synthesized sample does not. This is in agreement with the observations from XRD analysis where few impurity phases observed in the as-made powder cause a weak magnetic response. Upon calcination, the material is converted to a desired hexaferrite phase with better magnetic properties.

Hydrothermal Synthesis of SrFe12O19 and Its Characterization

An electrochemical method for the preparation of magnetic nanoparticles of new Sr-Fe oxides is presented in this work. It consists of the electrolysis of nitrate or chloride solutions with Sr{sup 2+} and Fe{sup 3+} salts using commercial Fe electrodes. Magnetic materials are collected as precipitates from nitrate media in the pH range 1-3 and from chloride media within the pH range 1--12. The presence of 100--300 ppm aniline in acidic nitrate media yields a decrease in energy cost and particle size. Inductively coupled plasma analysis of materials and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry of single particles confirm that they are composed of mixed oxides of Sr and Fe. All synthesized materials crystallize as inverse cubic spinels, usually with intermediate structures between magnetite and maghemite. They are formed by nanoparticles with average sizes from 2 nm to {approximately} 50 nm, as observed by scanning electron microscopy. The electrogenerated mixed oxides have higher saturation magnetization, but lower remanent magnetization and coercive field, than commercial strontium hexaferrite with micrometric particle size.

Electrochemical synthesis of new magnetic mixed oxides of Sr and Fe : Composition, magnetic properties, and microstructure

New nanostructured magnetic Mn−Zn−Fe oxides are electrochemically synthesized as precipitates from chloride + nitrate solutions of pH 1.5 with Mn2+, Zn2+, and Fe2+, or Fe3+ at temperatures between 40 and 80 °C using electrodes of commercial iron. The process has been studied using an undivided cell of 100 mL and a stirring batch tank of 700 mL with electrodes of 20 and 140 cm2 area, respectively. Fe2+ is continuously supplied to the solution from oxidation of the sacrificial Fe anode, although this ion can be transformed into Fe3+ by reaction with Mn3+, previously formed by anodic oxidation of Mn2+. An energy cost of ca. 5 kWh kg-1 is found for the batch tank at 35 mA cm-2. For solutions up to 30 mM Mn2+ and 15 mM Zn2+, magnetic precipitates richer in Fe than in Zn and Mn, with Cu impurity proceeding from the anode, are obtained. These materials have an inverse cubic spinel structure, being composed of nanoparticles formed by solid solutions of iwakiite, franklinite, magnetite, and maghemite. Magnetically...

Electrochemical Route for the Synthesis of New Nanostructured Magnetic Mixed Oxides of Mn, Zn, and Fe from an Acidic Chloride and Nitrate Medium

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Electrochemical synthesis of new magnetic mixed oxides of Sr and Fe : Composition, magnetic properties, and microstructure

Electrochemical Route for the Synthesis of New Nanostructured Magnetic Mixed Oxides of Mn, Zn, and Fe from an Acidic Chloride and Nitrate Medium