Mapping interaction forces with the atomic force microscope

https://users.wfu.edu/~shapiro/Biophysics14/papers/Guthold%20et%20al%20Biophys%20J_77_2284-2294.pdf

Direct Observation of One-Dimensional Diffusion and Transcription by Escherichia coli RNA Polymerase

Motion and enzymatic degradation of DNA in the atomic force microscope.

Since the late 1980s, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been increasingly used in biological sciences and it is now established as a versatile tool to address the structure, properties and functions of biological specimens. AFM is unique in that it provides three-dimensional images of biological structures, including biomolecules, lipid films, 2D protein crystals and cells, under physiological conditions and with unprecedented resolution. A crucial prerequisite for successful, reliable biological AFM is that the samples need to be well attached to a solid substrate using appropriate, nondestructive methods. In this review, we discuss common techniques for immobilizing biological specimens for AFM studies.

Sample preparation procedures for biological atomic force microscopy.

Watching the components of photosynthetic bacterial membranes and their in situ organisation by atomic force microscopy.

An improved method has been developed for imaging deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in aqueous buffer with the atomic force microscope (AFM). DNA on untreated mica can be imaged in aqueous buffer with the AFM if the DNA is deposited onto the mica in a buffer with HEPES and MgC12 , if the sample is rinsed thoroughly with high water pressure, and if the imaging is done with an electron beam-deposited (EBD) tip that has been deposited in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The water rinse removes DNA that is otherwise easily scraped off the substrate. There is evidence that sharper tips may be more damaging to DNA when imaged in aqueous buffer especially when the DNA is bound tightly to the mica. The ability to image DNA in nearly biological conditions has potential applications for imaging biomolecular processes with the AFM.

Improved visualization of DNA in aqueous buffer with the atomic force microscope

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Improved visualization of DNA in aqueous buffer with the atomic force microscope