Beneficial microorganisms have been extensively used to make plants more resistant to abiotic and biotic stress. We previously identified a consortium of three plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains (Bacillus cereus AR156, Bacillus subtilis SM21, and Serratia sp. XY21; hereafter "BBS") as a promising and environmentally friendly biocontrol agent. In this study, the effect of BBS on a soil-borne disease of sweet pepper was evaluated. Application of BBS significantly reduced the prevalence of phytophthora blight and improved fruit quality and soil properties relative to the control. BBS was able to alter the soil bacterial community: it significantly increased the abundances of Burkholderia, Comamonas, and Ramlibacter, which were negatively associated with disease severity, relative to the control. A redundancy analysis suggested that BBS-treated soil samples were dominated by Burkholderia, Comamonas, Ramlibacter, Sporichthya, Achromobacter, and Pontibacter; abundance of these genera was related to total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (AN), total potassium (TP), and available phosphorus (AP) contents. This suggests that BBS treatment shifted the microbe community to one that suppressed soil-borne disease and improved the soil chemical properties.

/pdf/consortium-of-plant-growth-promoting-rhizobacteria-strains-e10xu6l56k.pdf

Consortium of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Strains Suppresses Sweet Pepper Disease by Altering the Rhizosphere Microbiota.

Evaluation and optimization of enhanced coagulation process: Water and energy nexus

Insights into bacterial diversity in compost: Core microbiome and prevalence of potential pathogenic bacteria.

Trophic interactions between predatory protists and pathogen-suppressive bacteria impact plant health

Microbiomes play vital roles in plant health and performance, and the development of plant beneficial microbiomes can be steered by organic fertilizer inputs. Especially well-studied are fertilizer-induced changes on bacteria and fungi and how changes in these groups alter plant performance. However, impacts on protist communities, including their trophic interactions within the microbiome and consequences on plant performance remain largely unknown. Here, we tracked the entire microbiome, including bacteria, fungi, and protists, over six growing seasons of cucumber under different fertilization regimes (conventional, organic, and Trichoderma bio-organic fertilization) and linked microbial data to plant yield to identify plant growth-promoting microbes. Yields were higher in the (bio-)organic fertilization treatments. Soil abiotic conditions were altered by the fertilization regime, with the prominent effects coming from the (bio-)organic fertilization treatments. Those treatments also led to the pronounced shifts in protistan communities, especially microbivorous cercozoan protists. We found positive correlations of these protists with plant yield and the density of potentially plant-beneficial microorganisms. We further explored the mechanistic ramifications of these relationships via greenhouse experiments, showing that cercozoan protists can positively impact plant growth, potentially via interactions with plant-beneficial microorganisms including Trichoderma, the biological agent delivered by the bio-fertilizer. We show that protists may play central roles in stimulating plant performance through microbiome interactions. Future agricultural practices might aim to specifically enhance plant beneficial protists or apply those protists as novel, sustainable biofertilizers.

/pdf/protists-as-main-indicators-and-determinants-of-plant-42lux1ky6e.pdf

Protists as main indicators and determinants of plant performance

Bio-organic fertilizer and different additives are widely applied to suppress soil-borne diseases. However, how different additives alter bulk soil microflora and thereby induce the healthy rhizospheric microflora remains unclear. A 3-season field experiment containing four fertilization management programs (chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer, amino acid organic fertilizer, and bio-organic fertilizer was conducted in a tomato production agroecosystem with high disease incidence to evaluate the induced efficacy. The bacterial and fungal microflora of bulk and rhizosphere soil influenced by different management programs were performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Principal coordinate analysis based on the Bray-Curtis distance metric was performed to compare the similarities and differences of the bacterial and fungal community compositions among all soil samples. Soil amended with organic fertilizer, amino acid organic fertilizer, and bio-organic fertilizer progressively and significantly suppressed tomato diseases in comparison with chemical fertilizer, and bio-organic fertilizer presented the best efficacy in all seasons. Interestingly, rhizospheric and bulk soil bacterial and fungal communities of the different fertilization management programs were separated from each other. Six bacterial and 10 fungal rhizospheric genera positively correlated with the same genera observed in bulk soil showing significant relationships with tomato disease incidence were observed, and functional strain SQR9 can be detected in the bulk and rhizosphere soils of bio-organic fertilizer treatments. Additionally, the redundancy analysis results showed the genera in treated chemical fertilizer bulk soil were dominated by Ralstonia and Fusarium, the abundances of which were highest and lowest in treated chemical fertilizer and bio-organic fertilizer rhizosphere, respectively. This study provided insights into soil-borne disease suppression by bulk soil management and confirmed that alterations to the bulk soil microbiota by different organic additives played distinct roles in the formation of rhizospheric soil microflora for the suppression of disease.

/pdf/continuous-application-of-different-organic-additives-can-jtdi5d342e.pdf

Continuous application of different organic additives can suppress tomato disease by inducing the healthy rhizospheric microbiota through alterations to the bulk soil microflora

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Continuous application of different organic additives can suppress tomato disease by inducing the healthy rhizospheric microbiota through alterations to the bulk soil microflora