https://cancerbiologyprogram.med.wayne.edu/pdfs/hallmarks_cancer_article.pdf

Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation.

다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Krabbe disease (KD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the lack of β- galactosylceramidase enzymatic activity and by widespread accumulation of the cytotoxic galactosyl-sphingosine in neuronal, myelinating and endothelial cells. Despite the wide use of Twitcher mice as experimental model for KD, the ultrastructure of this model is partial and mainly addressing peripheral nerves. More details are requested to elucidate the basis of the motor defects, which are the first to appear during KD onset. Here we use transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to focus on the alterations produced by KD in the lower motor system at postnatal day 15 (P15), a nearly asymptomatic stage, and in the juvenile P30 mouse. We find mild effects on motorneuron soma, severe ones on sciatic nerves and very severe effects on nerve terminals and neuromuscular junctions at P30, with peripheral damage being already detectable at P15. Finally, we find that the gastrocnemius muscle undergoes atrophy and structural changes that are independent of denervation at P15. Our data further characterize the ultrastructural analysis of the KD mouse model, and support recent theories of a dying-back mechanism for neuronal degeneration, which is independent of demyelination.

https://arpi.unipi.it/bitstream/11568/951412/1/Cappello%2c%20SciRep2016.pdf

Ultrastructural Characterization of the Lower Motor System in a Mouse Model of Krabbe Disease.

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) activates the transcription of genes that are involved in crucial aspects of cancer biology, including angiogenesis, cell survival, glucose metabolism and invasion. Intratumoral hypoxia and genetic alterations can lead to HIF-1alpha overexpression, which has been associated with increased patient mortality in several cancer types. In preclinical studies, inhibition of HIF-1 activity has marked effects on tumour growth. Efforts are underway to identify inhibitors of HIF-1 and to test their efficacy as anticancer therapeutics.

Targeting HIF-1 for cancer therapy

Student and successor of Andreas Vesalius (Fig. 3.1) and Gabriel Fallopius (Fig. 3.2), Girolamo Fabrici or Fabrizio (Fig. 3.3), was professor of Surgery at the University of Padova, Italy, from 1565 to 1613, and practiced and taught Anatomy (Smith et al. 2004). In 1594, he built the first permanent theatre ever designed for public anatomical dissection (Fig. 3.4). Fabricius is best known for his description of the bursa that bears his name. A manuscript entitled “De Formatione Ovi et Pulli”, found among his lecture notes was published in 1621 (Fig. 3.5). It contains the first description of the bursa (Adelman 1967) : “The third thing which should be noted in the podex is the double sac (bursa) which in its lower portion projects toward the pubic bone and appears visible to the observer as soon as the uterus already mentioned presents itself to view”.

The Bursa of Fabricius

Corrigendum to “Isolation and characterization of neural stem cells from dystrophic mdx mouse” [Exp. Cell Res. 343(2016)190–207]

Introduction: Animal models are interesting tools to improve our knowledge of the pathophysiological processes underlying kidney cancer development. Recent advances have been made in the understanding of the genetic founding events underlying clear cell renal carcinoma. The aim of this paper was to review and discuss the characteristics of all the induced animal models of renal carcinogenesis that have been described in the scientific literature to date and to see if and how they could regain some use in the light of the latest discoveries. Methods: The authors reviewed all the papers available in PubMed regarding induced animal models of renal carcinogenesis. From this perspective, the keywords “induced”, “animal model”, and “renal cancer” were used in PubMed’s search engine. Another search was done using the keywords “induced”, “animal model”, and “kidney cancer”. PRISMA recommendations were used to develop the literature review. Results: Seventy-eight studies were included in this review. Results were presented depending on the mechanisms used to induce carcinogenesis in each model: induction by carcinogens, hormones, viral induction, or induction by other agents. Discussion focused on the possibility to rethink these different induced animal models and use them to answer new research questions. Conclusion: Many induced animal models have been developed in the past to study renal cancer. While these models seemed unable to yield new knowledge, the latest advances in the understanding of the genetics behind renal carcinogenesis could well bring the models back to the forefront.

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/3/598/pdf

Heading Towards a Possible Rebirth of the Induced Renal Cell Carcinoma Models

Apoptosi, o morte cellulare programmata: meccanismi regolatori e fisiopatologia

Antiangiogenic strategies are currently in use for the treatment of cancer, and the inhibition of angiogenesis could represent a powerful adjunct to traditional therapy of malignant tumors. Over the last 20 years, several reports have been published concerning the relationship between tumor progression and angiogenesis in neuroblastoma (NB) in experimental models in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, a high vascular index in NB correlates with poor prognosis, suggesting a dependence of aggressive tumor growth on active angiogenesis. Here, I present an overview of the literature concerning the antiangiogenesis approach in the treatment of NB.

Targeting Angiogenesis in Neuroblastoma

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