https://cancerbiologyprogram.med.wayne.edu/pdfs/hallmarks_cancer_article.pdf

Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation.

다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Krabbe disease (KD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the lack of β- galactosylceramidase enzymatic activity and by widespread accumulation of the cytotoxic galactosyl-sphingosine in neuronal, myelinating and endothelial cells. Despite the wide use of Twitcher mice as experimental model for KD, the ultrastructure of this model is partial and mainly addressing peripheral nerves. More details are requested to elucidate the basis of the motor defects, which are the first to appear during KD onset. Here we use transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to focus on the alterations produced by KD in the lower motor system at postnatal day 15 (P15), a nearly asymptomatic stage, and in the juvenile P30 mouse. We find mild effects on motorneuron soma, severe ones on sciatic nerves and very severe effects on nerve terminals and neuromuscular junctions at P30, with peripheral damage being already detectable at P15. Finally, we find that the gastrocnemius muscle undergoes atrophy and structural changes that are independent of denervation at P15. Our data further characterize the ultrastructural analysis of the KD mouse model, and support recent theories of a dying-back mechanism for neuronal degeneration, which is independent of demyelination.

https://arpi.unipi.it/bitstream/11568/951412/1/Cappello%2c%20SciRep2016.pdf

Ultrastructural Characterization of the Lower Motor System in a Mouse Model of Krabbe Disease.

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) activates the transcription of genes that are involved in crucial aspects of cancer biology, including angiogenesis, cell survival, glucose metabolism and invasion. Intratumoral hypoxia and genetic alterations can lead to HIF-1alpha overexpression, which has been associated with increased patient mortality in several cancer types. In preclinical studies, inhibition of HIF-1 activity has marked effects on tumour growth. Efforts are underway to identify inhibitors of HIF-1 and to test their efficacy as anticancer therapeutics.

Targeting HIF-1 for cancer therapy

The morphofunctional effects of ethyl-oxide, utilized as anaesthetic, on the optic tectum blood-brain barrier were investigated in hatching chick embryos (21st incubation day) and young chickens in which the barrier to the marker of vascular permeability horseradish peroxidase is complete after the 18th incubation day. Results indicate that ethyl-oxide administration produces horseradish peroxidase extravasation by opening the tight interendothelial junctions. The escape rate of the marker is higher in the tecta of hatching embryos than in those of chickens and in both horseradish peroxidase extravascular diffusion is more frequent at the level of vessel bifurcation than along the branchless vessel tracts.

Ethyl-oxide effects on a newly formed blood-brain barrier.

Introduction and Objectives The animal models for renal carcinogenesis have allowed researchers to better understand the physiopathological, genetic, molecular, and immunological mechanisms underlying the development of human renal cancers from the induction of precancerous lesions to the metastatic process. Our study aimed to review and discuss the characteristics of all the spontaneous animal models of renal carcinogenesis described in scientific literature to date and see how they could address future challenges in the field of personalized medicine. Methods and Materials We reviewed all the papers on PubMed which focus on spontaneous animal models of renal carcinogenesis. To do so, we used the keywords "spontaneous" AND "animal model" AND "renal cancer" in the PubMed search engine. We also conducted a search using the keywords "spontaneous" AND "animal model" AND "kidney cancer." PRISMA recommendations were used for the literature review. Results A total of 213 publications were found on PubMed with the keywords "spontaneous" AND "animal model" AND "kidney cancer." 219 publications were found on PubMed with the keywords "spontaneous" AND "animal model" AND "renal cancer." After pooling these 2 searches and removing the duplicate publications, 233 publications remained. Among these, 220 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility; 160 were removed because they were irrelevant to our topic, and the remaining 60 studies were included in our qualitative synthesis. Conclusions Many spontaneous animal models have been developed to study renal cancer. So far, these models have enabled the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying renal cancer. Though less appropriate than patient xenografts from the perspective of personalized medicine, we believe animal models can help medical professionals better understand the hows and whys of the genetic events underlying the intratumoral heterogeneity and spatial distribution of metastatic subclones.

Animal models of spontaneous renal carcinoma: A possible rebirth?

VEGF and Tumor Progression in Human Melanoma

α-Methyl-prednisolone normalizes the PKC mediated brain angiogenesis in dystrophic mdx mice.

Osteopontin (Opn) is Expressed and Functional in Human Peripheral Blood Eosinophils

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