/pdf/anticancer-and-anti-inflammatory-perspectives-of-pakistan-s-4apjj9jfpn.pdf

Anticancer and anti-inflammatory perspectives of Pakistan’s indigenous berry Grewia asiatica Linn ( Phalsa)

Grewia subinaequalis DC. (syn. G. asiatica) (Phalsa) is a food plant and can also be used as an herbal medicine for the treatment of various diseases. In traditional folklore medicine, the fruit has been used as astringent, stomachic and cooling agent. When unripe, it has been reported to alleviate inflammation and was administered in respiratory, cardiac and blood disorders, as well as in fever. Root and bark has been prescribed for rheumatism and its infusion used as a demulcent. The leaves were applied on skin eruptions. A number of therapeutic research was carried out on different part of this plant like fruits, leaves, stem etc. The plant possess antioxidant, antidiabetic, antihyperglycaemic, radioprotective, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, antifertility, antifungal, analgesic, antipyeretic and antiviral activities. This review focuses on the botanical description, phytochemistry, nutritional studies and pharmacological properties of this plant.

	 

	Key words: Grewia subinaequalis, Grewia asiatica, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties.

/pdf/nutritional-and-medicinal-potential-of-grewia-subinaequalis-8mtlwbizae.pdf

Nutritional and medicinal potential of Grewia subinaequalis DC. (syn. G. asiatica.) (Phalsa)

Phalsa (Grewia asiatica L) fruit berry a promising functional food ingredient: A comprehensive review

The genus Grewia (Tiliaceae) comprises about 321 species which are distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. They have an excellent medicinal and emergent commercial importance and are traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes, typhoid, hepatitis, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, smallpox, syphilitic ulcers, eczema, malaria, etc. The fruits of Grewia species are used as a traditional medicinal diet as a nutraceutical in healthy drinks and food additives. Vitally, in the last decade, the genus Grewia has gained more attention due to its diversified traditional medicinal diets along with pharmacological activities. This review aims to provide a complete compilation of comprehensive, systematic, and accurate information on traditional uses, nutritional values, health benefits, phytochemistry, quality control, and pharmacological properties of the genus Grewia. All the relevant and systematic literature data on the genus Grewia was gathered using multiple electronic databases, including Google Scholar, SciFinder, Web of Science, PubChem, PubMed, ChemSpider, Taylor & Francis, ScienceDirect, ACS Journals, Wiley, Springer, Thieme, The Plant List Database and Scopus. Some other relevant books, book chapters, and Wikipedia are also studied as ‘grey literature. The literature survey reveals that the fruits of Grewia asiatica and Grewia tenax are mainly used for traditional medicinal purposes and are a rich source of nutritional values and bioactive metabolites. About twenty-seven species in the genus Grewia have been reported for their pharmacological properties and in which only twelve species have been explored phytochemically. More than 227 chemical compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, isoflavonoids, phenols, and volatile classes of compounds have been identified and characterized in twelve species. Flavonoids appeared as the relatively most abundant class of compounds in fruits and could be used for quality control by HPTLC, HPLC, HPLC-MS, and GC-MS. The HPLC-MS methods are comparatively more sensitive than HPTLC and HPLC methods for quality control of raw and finished products based on characteristic compounds. Significant pharmacological activities such as analgesic, anticancer, antidiabetic, antiemetic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, antioxidant, antiplatelet, antipyretic, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, neuroprotective, radioprotective, and uterotonic have been reported in methanolic and ethanolic extracts especially leaf extract from twenty- seven species. Conclusive evidence showed that the pharmacological activities of extracts and flavonoids and quality control are supporting and providing confidence in the traditional to modern uses of different products of fruits of Grewia species to manage many routine health problems. Based on the existing literature, except G. asiatica fruit remains poorly explored, essentially with limited scientific evidence available to support its nutritional and medicinal uses as well as economic benefits. However, this compilation may be short of clear research goals for further study of the Grewia species and has a good perspective to develop a new active principle as well as a traditional functional food. 

Traditional uses, phytochemistry, quality control and biological activities of genus Grewia

India has a diverse variety of medicinally important plants which have been claimed with beneficial therapeutic effects along with better tolerability in terms of side effects. G. asiatica also known as phalsa, a member of tiliaceae family is a small fruit crop cultivated in warmer season and is known to contain cyanidin 3- glucoside, vitamin C, minerals. A brief review of work so far carried out is compiled in the present study showing radioprotective, antioxidant, antimalarial, antihyperglycemic, antipyretic, analgesic, antifungal, antiviral, antiplatelate, anticancer and immunomodulatory effect of plant.

Pharmacological actions and potential uses of Grewia asiatica: A review

The research was conducted to investigate the cytotoxic activities of crude aqueous extracts of fruits and leaves of Grewia asiatica plant. In-vitro cytotoxic activity of Grewia asiatica was determined by using methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay using cell lines HEK-293 (Epidermal Kidney Cancer cell line), NCI-H522 (Cell Lung cancer cell line), HELA (Cervical Cancer cell line), Hep – 2 (Laryngeal Cancer cell line), and MCF-7 (Breast cancer cell line). Grewia asiatica (G. asiatica), a shrub from the Malvaceae family, is commonly used among Native Americans and occasionally utilized to treat illnesses with cancer-like symptoms. The results found were quite promising. The statistically processed results support the conclusion, that the aqueous extracts of leaves and fruits showed significant anticancer activity against liver cancer and breast cancer.

In-vitro cytotoxicity evaluation of aqueous fruit and leaf extracts ofGrewia asiatica using MTT Assay

Co-micellization conduct and structural dynamics of block copolymers in water and salt solution environment for drug solubilization enhancement

Self-assembly generation triggered in highly hydrophilic Pluronics® by sugars/ polyols

This study offers an insight into the concentration influence of a cationic surfactant- cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) having a 16-carbon long alkyl side chain that influences the self-assembly and micellization behaviour of a linear triblock copolymer based on ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO) Pluronic® P103 in aqueous solution. The work makes an exclusive use of a variety of methodologies, such as high sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry (HSDSC), phase behaviour study, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The investigation on the clouding behaviour demonstrates that the cloud point value of 5 %w/v P103, which is typically in the vicinity of 90 °C, rises up to more than 100 °C with the addition on of very low concentration of CTAB. The DLS technique predicted the change in hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) of micelles with temperature and in varying CTAB concentration. The SANS results inferred the morphological changes in the micelles. A comprehensive approach revealing the relationship between the molecular orbital energies of the tested P103 and CTAB were assessed by utilising the computational simulation method with the Gaussian 09 calculation window and Gauss View 5.0.9 software. The perception of CTAB-stabilized Pluronics® micelles is predicted to be much improved from the evaluated optimised descriptors. Additionally, our examined micellar system revealed the solubilization enhancement of a model hydrophobic dye orange-OT utilizing UV–vis spectroscopy. 

CTAB induced growth and shrinkage of Pluronics® P103 micelles: Experimental and theoretical rationale

Evaluation of Thermostable Biomolecule Cocktail from Algal-associated Hot Water Spring Bacteria for Antibiofilm Activities

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