In industries such as aerospace, petrochemistry and automobile, many parts of different machines are under environment which shows high temperature and high pressure, and have their proneness to wear and corrosion. Therefore, the wear resistibility and stability under high temperature need to be further improved. Nowadays, Laser cladding (LC) is widely used in machine parts repairing and functional coating due to its advantages such as lower dilution rate, small heat-affected zone and good metallurgical bonding between coating and substrate. In this paper, LC is introduced in detail from aspects of process simulation, monitoring and parameter optimization. At the same time, the paper gives a comprehensive review over LC material system as high entropy alloys (HEAs), amorphous alloy and single crystal alloy have been gradually showing their advantages over traditional metal materials in LC. In addition, the applications of LC in functional coatings and in maintenance of machine parts are also outlined. Also, the existing problems and the development trend of LC is discussed then.

Recent research and development status of laser cladding: A review

Hard coatings are extensively required in industry for protecting mechanical/structural parts that withstand extremely high temperature, stress, chemical corrosion, and other hostile environments. Electrical discharge coating (EDC) is an emerging surface modification technology to produce such hard coatings by using electrical discharges to coat a layer of material on workpiece surface to modify and enhance the surface characteristics or create new surface functions. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of EDC technologies for various materials, and summarises the types and key parameters of EDC processes as well as the characteristics of resulting coatings. It provides a systematic summary of the fundamentals and key features of the EDC processes, as well as its applications and future trends.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2631-7990/ab7332/pdf

Surface modification and functionalization by electrical discharge coating: a comprehensive review

Improving the surface characteristics of additively manufactured parts: A review

Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is an exigent focus of interest for researchers since its inception. EDM has a wide range of applications due to its non-contact machining process based on the spark erosion method. EDM is a non-conventional machining process with high potential in the recent industrial era. Due to the few limitations of EDM, many hybrid techniques are evolved in recent years. The present review paper elucidates the in-depth mechanism of the material removal process in EDM. Hybrid EDM processes are also reviewed with special attention on powder mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM). A detailed comparison between the EDM and PMEDM is presented with a meticulous portrayal of the advancement and evolution of PMEDM. The emphasis is given on significant performance parameters, namely tool wear rate, material removal rate and surface roughness, besides other parameters. In addition, the study also includes different modelling, optimization, and surface analysis techniques on EDM. The paper concludes with the future scope of PMEDM in the fields of manufacturing along with its applications.

An insight on Powder Mixed Electric Discharge Machining: A state of the art review

Advances in fabrication, physio-chemical properties, and sensing applications of non-metal boron nitride and boron carbon nitride-based nanomaterials

In the present study, hard, wear, and corrosion resistance coating is deposited on titanium alloy with hexagonal boron nitride powder (avg. size 70 nm) suspended in deionized water by micro-electro discharge coating process. The influence of input process parameters on surface integrity, wear properties, and corrosion resistance is studied. XRD analysis of coating surface shows the presence of phases such as BN, Al2O3, TiN, TiAlN, TiO, and CuO. Micro-hardness of the coating surface increases by five times as compared to titanium alloy (parent material). At the parameter settings of 60 V, 0.7 duty factor, and 12 g/l, the maximum deposition rate of 5.65 ± 0.1 × 10−4 g/min and recast layer thickness of 13.1 μm is obtained. Pin on disk wear test results reveal the reduction of wear rate of the coated surface to one-fourth of that of the base material. The average coefficient of friction (COF) for the deposited BN surfaces reduces to 0.26 from 0.4 (substrate material). Corrosion resistance of the coated surface is found to be 1.24 μm/year in flowing water conditions and 1.07 μm/year in stagnant water whereas for the parent material it is 5.92 μm/year in flowing water condition and 4.89 μm/year for stagnant water condition.

Surface modification of titanium alloy using hBN powder mixed dielectric through micro-electric discharge machining

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Surface modification of titanium alloy using hBN powder mixed dielectric through micro-electric discharge machining