The basal ganglia.

Behavioral effects of exposure to organic solvents in carpet layers

Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary movement disorder with dementia and behavioral difficulties caused by a mutation in the HTT gene. Age-at-onset, clinical phenotype and disease evolution vary and are not explained by the mutation alone. Electrophysiological techniques, like transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography, have advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology but have not revealed any consistent abnormalities suitable as biomarkers. The most promising candidate may be somatosensory or visual evoked potentials, which repeatedly had reduced amplitudes in manifest HD. To test their potential, large cohorts of clinically homogeneous patients need to be studied with electrophysiological in conjunction with neuroimaging techniques to delineate neural network function in relation to micro- and macro-structural brain changes.

Neurophysiology in Huntington's disease: an update.

This research reports on a pilot industrial hygiene study that was performed at four footwear factories and two equipment factories in Thailand. Workers in these factories were exposed through inhalation and dermal contact to a large number of organic vapors from solvents and cements that were hand applied. In addition, these workers were exposed to highly toxic isocyanates primarily through the dermal route. A total of 286 personal air samples were obtained at the four footwear factories using organic vapor monitors; individual job tasks were monitored using a real-time MIRAN Spectrometer. A total of 64 surface, tool, or hand samples were monitored for isocyanates using surface contamination detectors. Real-time measurements were also obtained for organic vapors in two equipment factories. From 8% to 21% of the workers sampled in each footwear factory were overexposed to mixtures of chemicals from solvents and cements. Up to 100% of the workers performing specific job tasks were overexposed to mixtures o...

A Survey of Airborne and Skin Exposures to Chemicals in Footwear and Equipment Factories in Thailand

In healthy subjects, 2 EMG responses of the thenar muscles can be distinguished, elicited by electrical stimulation of the median nerve during an isometric contraction: an early spinal response (M1) and a long latency response (LLR) (M2); earlier studies have shown that in patients with Huntington's chorea (HC) this late EMG response is missing. LLR were studied in the nine subjects at risk out of three families with definite HC. In 6 of them, LLR was clearly asymmetrical or absent on one or both sides, while normal LLRs were seen in the rest of the subjects studied; LLR abnormalities found in clinically free members of HC families may assist in early diagnosis of individuals who may later develop symptoms and may help in genetic counselling.

Long latency EMG responses in early diagnosis of Huntington's chorea.

Somatosensory evoked potentials in Huntington's disease.

Neurophysiological study of a group of workers exposed to industrial heptane in a rubber shoe factory

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Somatosensory evoked potentials in Huntington's disease.

Neurophysiological study of a group of workers exposed to industrial heptane in a rubber shoe factory