A three tier financial transaction system having a local data memory is disclosed. The three tier system includes a client interface, an application service, a host interface, and a local data memory. The client interface communicates data messages between a client program and the financial transaction system. The client interface converts client requests to a format compatible with the application service so the application service may process client requests from client programs. At the initiation of a logical session with a client program, the application service refreshes data for the customer associated with the client program using data obtained from a back end processing system through the host interface. The data in the local data memory is then used by the application service for processing client requests during the logical session. Response data generated by the application service is provided to the client interface for presentation to the client program. Communication between the client program and the client interface is preferably performed over an open communication network. The local data memory permits the processing of the client service request to be decoupled from the updating of the back end processing system to improve response times for client request processing.

Three tier financial transaction system with cache memory

With the recent explosion in usage of the World Wide Web, the problem of caching Web objects has gained considerable importance. Caching on the Web differs from traditional caching in several ways. The nonhomogeneity of the object sizes is probably the most important such difference. In this paper, we give an overview of caching policies designed specifically for Web objects and provide a new algorithm of our own. This new algorithm can be regarded as a generalization of the standard LRU algorithm. We examine the performance of this and other Web caching algorithms via event- and trace-driven simulation.

Caching on the World Wide Web

A system for the assessment of network performance criteria, and applying this criteria to the classification of network addresses into appropriate ranges, using these ranges to consolidate performance measurements for the associated addresses, and applying these metrics toward the optimization of the network towards performance or policy objectives.

Method and apparatus for the assessment and optimization of network traffic

Weights are assigned to features of data objects and the weights are utilized to determine whether data objects are substantially identical or not. One application of such weights is to assign weights to terms in web page documents. The weights assigned to the terms may then be utilized to determine whether web page documents are substantially identical. A set of identicals may be generated for each web page that is indexed by the system and utilized to repair broken hyperlinks. Specifically, when a uniform resource locator (URL) associated with the hyperlink cannot be resolved or cannot be resolved in a timely fashion, one of the identicals of the desired web page documents may be returned to provide a requesting party with the desired content.

Method for providing a substitute for a requested inaccessible object by identifying substantially similar objects using weights corresponding to object features

The integrity of uniform resource locator (URL) references within web sites are maintained when changes occur in the locations where resources referenced by URLs are stored. A Referential Preservation Engine (RPE) maintains a database in which the location of web site documents and reference information are stored and updates various URL hyperlink references contained in the web pages on the site so that users can locate documents that have been moved to new storage locations. The RPE can also update links to external web sites by communicating with an RPE running on each external site. The RPE on the external site keeps track of the movement of linked documents on the sites and passes information pertaining to the new location of the linked documents to the local site, whereupon the links on the local web site pages are updated to reflect the new storage locations. The RPE also can track usage of a user's favorite sites and/or documents that are stored in an Internet browser and update the URL references for these favorites when the resources they are mapped to are moved (or renamed).

Method for preserving referential integrity within web sites

One of most serious problems plaguing the World Wide Web today is that of broken hypertext links, which are a major annoyance to browsing users and also a cause of tarnished reputation and possible loss of opportunity for information providers. The root of the problem lies in the current Web architecture's lack of support for referential integrity. This paper presents a model for the provision of referential integrity for Web resources which supports resource migration and tolerates site and communication failures. The approach is object-oriented, highly flexible, completely distributed, and does not require any global administration. An attractive feature of our design is the provision of a lightweight mechanism which provides referential integrity, and which may be customised on a per resource basis to provide increased fault-tolerance and performance. Our system follows an evolutionary approach, supporting parallel operation with the existing Web, allowing users to gain the additional benefits of referential integrity while allowing continued access through trusted software components.

/pdf/fixing-the-broken-link-problem-the-w3objects-approach-1bdvdjsboe.pdf

Fixing the “broken-link” problem: the W3Objects approach

This paper discusses the issues involved in supporting high-volume, highly-reliable, Web services. Such services pose a number of diverse technical challenges. The paper discusses how recent research ideas from distributed computing can be deployed at the various levels of the architecture to yield an overall solution.

Constructing Dependable Web Services

In this paper we discuss some of the problems of the current Web and show how the introduction of object-orientation provides flexible and extensible solutions. Web resources become encapsulated as objects, with well-defined interfaces through which all interactions occur. The interfaces and their implementations can be inherited by builders of objects, and methods (operations) can be redefined to better suit the object. New characteristics, such as concurrency control and persistence, can be obtained by inheriting from suitable base classes, without necessarily requiring any changes to users of these resources. We describe the W3Object model which we have developed based upon these ideas, and show, through a prototype implementation, how we have used the model to address the problems of referential integrity and transparent object (resource) migration. We also give indications of future work.

/pdf/w3objects-bringing-object-oriented-technology-to-the-web-13dry5hkz7.pdf

W3Objects: Bringing Object-Oriented Technology to the Web

W30bjects: Bringing Object-Oriented Technology to the Web.

This paper focuses on the management aspects of Web service provision. We argue that support for manageability has to be considered at the design stage if services are to be capable of delivering high levels of quality of service for their users. Examples of the problems caused by lack of manageability include maintenance operations that necessitate service downtime, or difficulties in ensuring consistency of information. We categorise management issues into those concerning a site as a whole and those pertaining to individual services. Our approach to site management supports the arbitrary distribution of services to machines, allowing the optimum cost/performance configuration to be selected. Services can be easily migrated between machines, resulting in sites that scale, both in terms of the number of services and the number of users. Service management issues may be generalised as supporting evolution, for example, supporting changes to the functionality, the presentation logic, and the overall look and feel of a service. Our approach, based on the separation of functionality and presentation, allows such changes to be performed on-line and ensures that updates are reflected consistency across the various pages of a service, or across services. This approach also facilitates the development of services that utilise dynamic content for service customisations, such as tailoring a service to match the profile of users. Furthermore, all management operations are available through Web-based interfaces, making them accessible to a broad range of users, not only specialist system administrators.

/pdf/supporting-highly-manageable-web-services-1obrgvdd5e.pdf

Supporting highly manageable Web services

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