A representative sample of 815 pre-hurricane residents of the areas affected by Hurricane Katrina was interviewed 5-8 months after the hurricane and again 1 year later as the Hurricane Katrina Community Advisory Group (CAG). The follow-up survey was carried out to study patterns-correlates of recovery from hurricane-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), broader anxiety-mood disorders and suicidality. The Trauma Screening Questionnaire screening scale of PTSD and the K6 screening scale of anxiety-mood disorders were used to generate DSM-IV prevalence estimates. Contrary to results in other disaster studies, where post-disaster mental disorder typically decreases with time, prevalence increased significantly in the CAG for PTSD (20.9 vs 14.9% at baseline), serious mental illness (SMI; 14.0 vs 10.9%), suicidal ideation (6.4 vs 2.8%) and suicide plans (2.5 vs 1.0%). The increases in PTSD-SMI were confined to respondents not from the New Orleans Metropolitan Area, while the increases in suicidal ideation-plans occurred both in the New Orleans sub-sample and in the remainder of the sample. Unresolved hurricane-related stresses accounted for large proportions of the inter-temporal increases in SMI (89.2%), PTSD (31.9%) and suicidality (61.6%). Differential hurricane-related stress did not explain the significantly higher increases among respondents from areas other than New Orleans, though, as this stress was both higher initially and decreased less among respondents from the New Orleans Metropolitan Area than from other areas affected by the hurricane. Outcomes were only weakly related to socio-demographic variables, meaning that high prevalence of hurricane-related mental illness remains widely distributed in the population nearly 2 years after the hurricane.

/pdf/trends-in-mental-illness-and-suicidality-after-hurricane-43rcauxwvs.pdf

Trends in mental illness and suicidality after Hurricane Katrina

Objective. Refugees have had major challenges to meet their health care needs throughout history especially in war zones and natural disaster times. The health care needs of Syrian refugees have been becoming an increasingly important issue. We aimed to examine the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and explore its relation with various socioeconomic variables among Syrian refugees, who sought asylum in Turkey. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tent city. Sample size calculation yielded 352 and the participants of the study were determined randomly. Experienced and native Arabic speaking, psychiatrist evaluated the participants. Results. The frequency of PTSD was 33.5%. Through the binary logistic regression analysis, we calculated that the probability of having PTSD among Syrian refugees in our sample was 71%, if they had the following features: with female gender; being diagnosed with psychiatric disorder in the past; having a family history of psychiatric d...

Post-traumatic stress disorder among Syrian refugees in Turkey: A cross-sectional study

The impact of fear for family on mental health in a resettled Iraqi refugee community

Treating PTSD in refugees and asylum seekers within the general health care system. A randomized controlled multicenter study

Objective: To examine prospectively the trajectory of trauma-related psychiatric symptoms and disability amongst asylum seekers over the course of the refugee determination process To identify the direct impact of the refugee decision on psychiatric symptoms by adjusting for other variables, namely sociodemographic characteristics, past trauma, and ongoing postmigration stresses Design: A prospective cohort study of asylum seekers recruited from a random sample of immigration agents in Sydney,Australia Setting: Consecutive asylum seekers were referred for interview by immigration agents Interviews were undertaken after the initial application and on average, 38 months after the refugee decision Measures: Measures assessed premigration trauma and postmigration stressors Mental health status was assessed using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist- 25 Functional impairment was assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study-Short Form 12 Results: Sixty-two of 73 asylum seekers were retained at follow-up The accepted (16) and rejected (46) groups did not differ on premigration trauma or baseline psychiatric symptoms Postdecision, the accepted group showed substantial improvements in posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, depression, and in mental health functioning, whereas the rejected group maintained high levels of symptoms on all psychiatric indices Conclusions: Establishing secure residency status for asylum seekers may be important to their recovery from trauma-related psychiatric symptoms The practical and theoretical implications are discussed

The impact of the refugee decision on the trajectory of PTSD, anxiety, and depressive symptoms among asylum seekers: a longitudinal study.

Extreme traumatic events such as a threatened death or serious injury are common experiences for refugees, many of whom display levels of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Our preliminary investigation of 19 refugees examined whether acceptance of an individual application for Convention Refugee status is a factor in recovery from PTSD. Based on the traumatic experiences identified with the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, differential rates of recovery from PTSD and generalized distress were prospectively compared in refugees who had either received acceptance in their application for refugee status (n=10) or had been denied status (n=9). PTSD was diagnosed according to criteria outlined in the DSM-IV and distress was measured with the Brief Symptom Inventory. Unique to this study was the assessment of the refugee Claimant prior to his or her individual appearance before the Immigration and Refugee Board in Canada. The data support the hypothesis that a positive outcome for the hearing would significantly relate to a reduced DSM-IV PTSD symptom count and to a reduced generalized distress. Participants who received a positive hearing outcome showed significant recovery relative to those who were denied refugee status. Notwithstanding the small paper size, the results are discussed in terms of how the promise of future freedom from persecution combines with making actual disclosures before the Immigration and Refugee Board to start the process of rehabilitation.

PTSD symptom changes in refugees.

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PTSD symptom changes in refugees.