BACKGROUNDThe incidence of skin cancer is increasing at an alarming rate.OBJECTIVETo discuss current epidemiologic data concerning the incidence, morbidity, environmental influences, predisposing, host conditions, precursor lesions, and prevention of melanoma and nonmelanoma (basal and squamous cell

The epidemiology of skin cancer.

A study of tumor progression: The precursor lesions of superficial spreading and nodular melanoma

Tumors require a blood supply for growth and hematogenous dissemination. Much attention has been focused on the role of angiogenesis—the recruitment of new vessels into a tumor from pre-existing vessels. However, angiogenesis may not be the only mechanism by which tumors acquire a microcirculation. Highly aggressive and metastatic melanoma cells are capable of forming highly patterned vascular channels in vitro that are composed of a basement membrane that stains positive with the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reagent in the absence of endothelial cells and fibroblasts. These channels formed in vitro are identical morphologically to PAS-positive channels in histological preparations from highly aggressive primary uveal melanomas, in the vertical growth phase of cutaneous melanomas, and in metastatic uveal and cutaneous melanoma. The generation of microvascular channels by genetically deregulated, aggressive tumor cells was termed “vasculogenic mimicry” to emphasize their de novo generation without participation by endothelial cells and independent of angiogenesis. Techniques designed to identify the tumor microcirculation by the staining of endothelial cells may not be applicable to tumors that express vasculogenic mimicry. Although it is not known if therapeutic strategies targeting endothelial cells will be effective in tumors whose blood supply is formed by tumor cells in the absence of angiogenesis, the biomechanical and molecular events that regulate vasculogenic mimicry provide opportunities for the development of novel forms of tumor-targeted treatments. The unique patterning characteristic of vasculogenic mimicry provides an opportunity to design noninvasive imaging techniques to detect highly aggressive neoplasms and their metastases.

/pdf/vasculogenic-mimicry-and-tumor-angiogenesis-raik52nevn.pdf

Vasculogenic Mimicry and Tumor Angiogenesis

Second international consensus on the methodology and criteria of evaluation of angiogenesis quantification in solid human tumours.

A study of 121 melanoma patients and 139 control subjects from the University of California, San Francisco clinics was conducted among whites to examine the relationship between number of melanocytic nevi and cutaneous melanoma. Nevi that measured 2 mm or more in diameter were counted over the body by a dermatologist and a dermatology fellow. The average number of nondysplastic melanocytic nevi that were 2 mm or greater in diameter was 97 for melanoma patients and 36 for control subjects (p

Number of melanocytic nevi as a major risk factor for malignant melanoma

Dysplastic naevi and cutaneous melanoma risk

Precursor naevi in cutaneous malignant melanoma: a proposed nomenclature

Tumour vascularity is not a prognostic factor for cutaneous melanoma.

Managing the dysplastic naevus syndrome

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Dysplastic naevi and cutaneous melanoma risk

Precursor naevi in cutaneous malignant melanoma: a proposed nomenclature

Tumour vascularity is not a prognostic factor for cutaneous melanoma.

Managing the dysplastic naevus syndrome