taking pictures of their trucks. When asked if we worked for the federal or state government, we assured the drivers that we did not. We also told them that our pictures would not include their license plate numbers or any other identifying marks on the trucks. We did not attempt to get a proportional sample of the warning signs and construct a frequency distribution of the signs. Instead, we wanted to get one or two examples of each of the signs so that we could group them into various categories. We discuss these categories and the signs' characteristics in the following section. Our goal was to determine the elements of a warning sign that we believed best communicated the hazard. We grouped the pictures into several categories so that the differences between the signs would be more apparent. These categories were text only, top view, side view, horizontal orientation, vertical orientation, showing accident, showing nearaccident, and miscellaneous. We asked five other human factors researchers in our office to inspect the pictures, provide comments on the different warning approaches, and choose either the single warning sign that they believed best communicated the hazard or the elements from several signs that we could combine into one \"best\" warning sign. During the task, the researchers did not refer to written human factors warnings guidelines; we asked them to react to the signs based on their professional knowledge.

http://erg.sagepub.com/content/5/2/24.full.pdf

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