Traditional engineering instruction is deductive, beginning with theories and progressing to the applications of those theories Alternative teaching approaches are more inductive Topics are introduced by presenting specific observations, case studies or problems, and theories are taught or the students are helped to discover them only after the need to know them has been established This study reviews several of the most commonly used inductive teaching methods, including inquiry learning, problem-based learning, project-based learning, case-based teaching, discovery learning, and just-in-time teaching The paper defines each method, highlights commonalities and specific differences, and reviews research on the effectiveness of the methods While the strength of the evidence varies from one method to another, inductive methods are consistently found to be at least equal to, and in general more effective than, traditional deductive methods for achieving a broad range of learning outcomes

Inductive Teaching and Learning Methods: Definitions, Comparisons, and Research Bases

Easier access to X-ray microtomography (μCT) facilities has provided much new insight from high-resolution imaging for various problems in porous media research. Pore space analysis with respect to functional properties usually requires segmentation of the intensity data into different classes. Image segmentation is a nontrivial problem that may have a profound impact on all subsequent image analyses. This review deals with two issues that are neglected in most of the recent studies on image segmentation: (i) focus on multiclass segmentation and (ii) detailed descriptions as to why a specific method may fail together with strategies for preventing the failure by applying suitable image enhancement prior to segmentation. In this way, the presented algorithms become very robust and are less prone to operator bias. Three different test images are examined: a synthetic image with ground-truth information, a synchrotron image of precision beads with three different fluids residing in the pore space, and a μCT image of a soil sample containing macropores, rocks, organic matter, and the soil matrix. Image blur is identified as the major cause for poor segmentation results. Other impairments of the raw data like noise, ring artifacts, and intensity variation can be removed with current image enhancement methods. Bayesian Markov random field segmentation, watershed segmentation, and converging active contours are well suited for multiclass segmentation, yet with different success to correct for partial volume effects and conserve small image features simultaneously.

/pdf/image-processing-of-multiphase-images-obtained-via-x-ray-4u64sb16xw.pdf

Image processing of multiphase images obtained via X-ray microtomography: A review

A pore-scale investigation of a multiphase porous media system.

http://absimage.aps.org/image/TSF06/MWS_TSF06-2006-000210.pdf

Clickers in the Classroom

Long‐term influences of educational development initiatives for novice faculty members are seldom studied in a systematic way. In this exploratory study the long‐term individual and institutional impact of a novice faculty training programme at the University of Antwerp (Belgium) was evaluated, using a written survey with open questions. The results revealed that 2 years after finishing the programme the respondents still referred to the programme as a means of explaining changes in their day‐to‐day teaching practice. No firm relationship could be established between the strength of individual impact and the extent to which respondents also felt inclined to change things at the institutional level. The data suggests that the long‐term impact of the programme depends mainly on contextual elements. The article further discusses implications for the design of faculty training as well as perspectives for further research. Onderzoek naar de invloed op lange termijn van onderwijskundige professionalisering voor beginnende docenten is schaars. Dit artikel bespreekt de resultaten van een exploratieve studie over de lange termijn invloed van een opleiding voor beginnende docenten aan de universiteit van Antwerpen (België). Met behulp van een schriftelijke vragenlijst met open vragen werd de invloed van de opleiding op individueel en institutioneel niveau nagegaan. De resultaten tonen aan dat de respondenten twee jaar na datum nog steeds naar de opleiding verwijzen wanneer zij veranderingen in hun dagelijkse onderwijspraktijk duiden. Vastgesteld werd dat docenten die getuigen van sterke veranderingen in hun onderwijsopvattingen, ook meer omvattende veranderingen in hun praktijk beschrijven. Er werd geen verband gevonden tussen de sterkte van de veranderingen op individueel niveau en de mate waarin docenten zich geroepen voelden om veranderingen op institutioneel niveau teweeg te brengen. De resultaten laten vermoeden dat de lange termijn invloed van de opleiding vooral afhangt van contextfactoren. Het artikel gaat in op de implicaties van de bevindingen voor het ontwerp van onderwijskundige professionalisering en op de uitdagingen voor verder onderzoek. L'influence à long terme des initiatives de développement pédagogique destinées aux enseignants universitaires en début de carrière est rarement étudiée de façon systématique. Dans le cadre de cette étude exploratoire, l'impact à long terme et pour l'institution d'un programme de formation pour les nouveaux enseignants donné à l'Université d'Anvers (Belgique) a été évalué à l'aide d'un questionnaire écrit comportant des questions ouvertes. Les résultats tendent à démontrer que, même deux ans après avoir complété le programme, les répondants faisaient toujours référence au programme pour expliquer les changements survenus dans leur pratique quotidienne d'enseignement. Bien que les changements comportementaux correspondent à l'étendue du changement en matière de conceptions de l'enseignement, aucune relation nette n'a pu être établie entre l'impact institutionnel et la vigueur de l'impact individuel. Les données tendent à démontrer que l'impact à long terme du programme dépend principalement d'éléments contextuels. L'article présente aussi des éléments de discussion relatifs au design d'activités de formation pour les enseignants, de même que de nouvelles perspectives de recherche.

The effectiveness of a faculty training program: long term and institutional impact

A numerical model is developed to predict the air−water interfacial area of water-wetted unsaturated porous media. A model space is first designed consisting of elements capable of containing a single material. Water, air, and quartz are considered in this work. The elements are square in two dimensions and cubic in three dimensions. The contents of elements containing quartz are considered immobile, while the contents of elements containing fluid (air and water) are treated as mobile. The fluid elements are then arranged in a manner to minimize the total interfacial energy of the system by the simulated annealing optimization technique. Air−water interfacial area predictions are compared to experimental data for two systems of glass beads. Predictions are excellent at high water contents, but fail at low water contents. The failure of this and other thermodynamic models at low water contents is explained by low hydraulic conductivity, which prevents low water content systems from reaching thermodynamic e...

Prediction of Air-Water Interfacial Area in Wet Unsaturated Porous Media

Systematic experimental determinations of air-water interfacial areas were made for systems of wet but unsaturated glass beads. The areas decreased as water content increased and the pores filled up, but the decrease was not smooth. Inflections appeared in graphs ofinterfacial area vs percent water saturation. The shape of the plots and the position of the inflections depended upon the particle size distribution of the beads. It is believed that the inflections were caused by transitions from pendular to funicular configurations and by movement of water from larger to smaller pores, as the total water content in the system increased. To verify the reasonableness of these ideas, a simple two-dimensional model of a three-dimensional system was developed. It is shown that, in this model system, minimization of interfacial length (the two-dimensional equivalent of interfacial area) while maintaining constant interfacial curvature leads to transitions of the hypothesized type.

Studies in air-water interfacial area for wet unsaturated particulate porous media systems

Chemical engineering faculty members, whether they are new to the profession or experienced educators, are often asked to teach a core course that they have not taught before. Many instructors would like to take the time required to come up with some new ideas to revolutionize the course in ways that engage students and maximize learning. The realities of the responsibilities of a faculty position often pose a significant challenge to accomplishing this goal, especially for young faculty. To aid in achieving the goal of improved quality of instruction in chemical engineering core courses, this paper summarizes the authors’ selection of the most effective, innovative approaches reported recently in the literature or discussed at previous conferences for chemical engineering courses that appear later in the curriculum. Much of this material was initially presented at the 2007 ASEE Summer School for Chemical Engineering Faculty. The challenges associated with particular courses and solutions successfully applied to address those challenges are also described. Courses covered in this paper include solution thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer, kinetics and reactor design, process control, and senior design.

/pdf/ideas-to-consider-for-new-chemical-engineering-educators-kpflltfyhx.pdf

Ideas to Consider for New Chemical Engineering Educators: Part 1 (Courses Offered Earlier in the Curriculum).

A numerical model to calculate the air-water interfacial area in wet unsaturated particulate systems is modified to take account of the low hydraulic conductivity experienced by real systems at low relative water saturations. The original model is based on simulated annealing and random swapping of air and water elements in the system to achieve a global energy minimum. In the modified model a limitation is placed on the separation distance between swapped elements. The modified model represents real systems well at low water saturations but is actually inferior to the original model at high water saturations. This fact suggests a transition in system behavior at intermediate saturations that is not accounted for by the calculated hydraulic conductivities. The role of hydraulic conductivity in achieving system equilibrium is discussed.

http://soils.cals.uidaho.edu/soils700/pdf-files/silverstein_fort_2.pdf

Incorporating Low Hydraulic Conductivity in a Numerical Model for Predicting Air-Water Interfacial Area in Wet Unsaturated Particulate Porous Media

A numerical model for predicting the air−water interfacial area of fluid in wet unsaturated particulate media is utilized to predict the pore-scale configuration of the fluid in the porous matrix. ...

Prediction of Water Configuration in Wet Unsaturated Porous Media

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

David L. Silverstein

Author Tools

Chat about Author