Secret History: Return of the Black Death Channel 4, 7-8pm In 1348 the Black Death swept through London, killing people within days of the appearance of their first symptoms. Exactly how many died, and why, has long been a mystery. This Secret History documentary follows experts as they pick through the evidence and reveal why the plague killed on such a scale. And they ask, what might be coming next?

Medscape

Clinical Trials: A Practical Approach

ContextPressure ulcers are common in a variety of patient settings and are associated with adverse health outcomes and high treatment costs.ObjectiveTo systematically review the evidence examining interventions to prevent pressure ulcers.Data Sources and Study SelectionMEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL (from inception through June 2006) and Cochrane databases (through issue 1, 2006) were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). UMI Proquest Digital Dissertations, ISI Web of Science, and Cambridge Scientific Abstracts were also searched. All searches used the terms pressure ulcer, pressure sore, decubitus, bedsore, prevention, prophylactic, reduction, randomized, and clinical trials. Bibliographies of identified articles were further reviewed.Data SynthesisFifty-nine RCTs were selected. Interventions assessed in these studies were grouped into 3 categories, ie, those addressing impairments in mobility, nutrition, or skin health. Methodological quality for the RCTs was variable and generally suboptimal. Effective strategies that addressed impaired mobility included the use of support surfaces, mattress overlays on operating tables, and specialized foam and specialized sheepskin overlays. While repositioning is a mainstay in most pressure ulcer prevention protocols, there is insufficient evidence to recommend specific turning regimens for patients with impaired mobility. In patients with nutritional impairments, dietary supplements may be beneficial. The incremental benefit of specific topical agents over simple moisturizers for patients with impaired skin health is unclear.ConclusionsGiven current evidence, using support surfaces, repositioning the patient, optimizing nutritional status, and moisturizing sacral skin are appropriate strategies to prevent pressure ulcers. Although a number of RCTs have evaluated preventive strategies for pressure ulcers, many of them had important methodological limitations. There is a need for well-designed RCTs that follow standard criteria for reporting nonpharmacological interventions and that provide data on cost-effectiveness for these interventions.

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/articlepdf/203227/JRV60009.pdf

Preventing Pressure Ulcers: A Systematic Review

In this article we review some of the contemporary antimicrobial agents used in textiles, including quaternary ammonium compounds, N-halamines, chitosan, polybiguanides, triclosan, nanoparticles of noble metals and metal oxides, and bioactive plant-based products. According to their mechanism of antimicrobial activity, toxicity, durability and ecological acceptability, these agents can be divided into biocides and biostats, leaching and bound antimicrobials, controlled-release and barrier-forming agents, and agents of poor and good washing resistance. In view of the need for ecologically friendly antimicrobial finishing, much research has focused on the synthesis of antimicrobial agents where the leaching antimicrobials have been replaced with the bound antimicrobials. The latter have mostly been prepared using polymerizable quaternary ammonium salts with acrylate groups, alkyltrialkoxysilanes with incorporated quaternary ammonium groups, reactive cationic dyes, appropriate crosslinking agents, complexes ...

Structures of Novel Antimicrobial Agents for Textiles - A Review

This review is used to support national practice recommendations on hair removal by the Association for Perioperative Practice (AfPP Standards and Recommendations for Safe Perioperative Practice 2007, Harrogate, AfPP Publishing). This review is also included in the draft version of the NICE surgical site infection guidelines

Preoperative hair removal to reduce surgical site infection

It is estimated that 30% of nursing home residents may be faecally incontinent, with those figures rising to 60% for patients in long-stay hospitals (Royal College of Physicians, 1995). Maintaining skin integrity for these patients can be complex. With little clinical information to support carers, choosing a skin care regime that maintains skin integrity for this high-risk group can be difficult. This study aims to compare two recognized skin care regimes, used in the cleansing of patients' skin following an episode of incontinence, and their impact on patients' skin integrity. A total of 93 patients were recruited to the trial from five care of the elderly or dependent service providers. The subjects were randomly allocated to either group A (soap and water; n = 49), or group B (Clinisan (Vernacare); n = 44). Initially, 33 patients in both groups started with healthy skin. However, the results of the final assessment identified only 17 subjects in group A remaining healthy, compared with 27 in group B.

Comparison of two skin care regimes for incontinence.

All authors were members of the consensus meeting panel; * Chair of the panel. Full author details in Box 1 In Autumn 2010, a multidisciplinary group of clinicians met in Manchester to discuss the issue of debridement in wound management. There are various debridement techniques available in the UK, but facilities and skills vary. This paper, resulting from the meeting, briefly outlines the differing techniques used, the levels of skill required to use them and the wound types for which they are appropriate. It is important that clinicians practising debridement are aware of the variations in method, and the limitations of their own skills and competency so that, if appropriate, the patient can be referred to receive timely and appropriate intervention.

Consensus guidance for the use of debridement techniques in the UK

This study evaluates pressure ulcer incidence rates and comfort perceptions in 100 subjects admitted to a district general hospital Subjects were divided into two groups, Group A using the standard hospital mattress (Transfoam), which had been in use in the hospital for three years, and Group B using the study mattress (Transfoamwave), which was new at the beginning of the trial Due to the low observed incidence of pressure ulcers, it has not been possible to determine whether there is a difference in the clinical performance of the mattresses Both appear to provide similar levels of comfort Seat cushions were provided for each trial subject but staff failed to make good use of them, which suggests that more education is required in this area

Comparison of a new foam mattress with the standard hospital mattress.

Given the important role played by nutrients in wound healing, all patients with wounds should receive a nutritional assessment. Action must then be taken to address any deficiency.

Nutrition and wound healing: what is the link?

All authors were members of the consensus meeting panel; * Chair of the panel. Full author details in Box 1 In spring 2010, a multidisciplinary group of clinicians met in London to discuss the issue of bacterial management in wound healing. The clinical world is currently facing a range of new challenges and health care is becoming increasingly intensive with ever-higher expectations of positive outcomes from both the healthcare industry and those it serves. As our understanding of the intricate balance between wound healing and the bio-community of organisms living within the wound expands, clinicians face new challenges in providing effective strategies to manage wound bioburden without inducing pathogen resistance and negatively influencing the healing process.

PHMB and its potential contribution to wound management

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

David Gray

Author Tools

Chat about Author