One embodiment of the present invention is a hydrogen generator that includes: (a) an anode material; (b) a cathode material; and (c) an electrolyte; wherein the electrolyte comprises a metal hydride, at least one stabilizing agent, and a solvent; and wherein hydrogen gas is generated whenever the anode material and the cathode material are electrically connected.

Method and apparatus for generating hydrogen

A chemical hydride hydrogen generation system and an energy system incorporating the same are provided. The hydrogen generation system comprises: a storage means for storing a chemical hydride solution; a reactor containing a catalyst; a first supplying means for supplying the chemical hydride solution from the said storage means to the said reactor so that the chemical hydride solution reacts to generate hydrogen in the presence of the catalyst; and a second supplying means for continuously supplying the solvent of the said solution to the chemical hydride solution during the reaction. The said energy system comprises the said hydrogen generation system, a fuel cell for generating electricity and water from hydrogen and an oxidant, and a means for recovering the water generated in the said fuel cell and supplying the said water to the chemical hydride solution during the reaction.

Chemical hydride hydrogen generation system and an energy system incorporating the same

One embodiment of the present invention includes a technique of performing a catalytic oxidation reaction at an anode (31) to provide hydrogen ions from molecular hydrogen and a catalytic reduction reaction at a cathode (41) to provide hydroxyl ions from liquid hydrogen peroxide. Passage the molecular hydrogen to a reaction region (24) is impeded with a proton exchange membrane (33) and passage of the hydrogen peroxide to the reaction region (24) is impeded with an ion-selective arrangement (43). Electric potential is generated between the anode (31) and the cathode (41) to provide electric power from a reaction of the hydrogen ions and the hydroxyl ions in the reaction region (24). In one variation, a regeneration technique is also provided.

Hydrogen/hydrogen peroxide fuel cell

The operating characteristics of catalytic reactors used in systems which generate hydrogen from the contact of a fuel with a catalyst are enhanced by such reactors incorporating one or more of group of elements consisting of (a) a heat exchanging element that preheats the fuel solution prior to its contact with the catalyst, (b) one or more liquid diffusing elements which distributes the flow of fuel over the catalyst so as to increase the generation hydrogen from such contact, (c) multiple catalysts having different hydrogen generating characteristics and d) a membrane capable of operating at pressures equal to or greater than 50 psig which surrounds catalytic material in the reactor and separates the generated hydrogen from the fuel.

Catalytic reactor for hydrogen generation systems

An apparatus for generating hydrogen inside of a fuel cell is provided. The fuel cell comprises an anode having at least one inlet and optionally one outlet and, a cathode having at least one inlet and optionally one outlet. An electrolyte is disposed between the anode and the cathode, and a catalyst is provided in a chamber for catalyzing a reaction of a solution comprising a solvent and an at least one chemical hydride dissolved therein to generate hydrogen inside of the fuel cell. A method for generating hydrogen inside of a fuel cell is also disclosed.

Method and apparatus for generating hydrogen inside of a fuel cell

A chemical hydride hydrogen generation system and an energy system incorporating the same are provided. The hydrogen generation system has: a storage means for storing a chemical hydride solution; a reactor containing a catalyst; and a pump for supplying the chemical hydride solution from the storage means to the reactor so that the chemical hydride solution reacts to generate hydrogen in the presence of the catalyst. The hydrogen is supplied to a fuel cell stack. Additionally, a heat transfer circuit is provided including a heat transfer fluid that is circulated through the cooling channels of the fuel cell stack to effect heating thereof on startup, and cooling once the operating temperature is reached.

Chemical hydride hydrogen generation system and fuel cell stack incorporating a common heat transfer circuit

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Chemical hydride hydrogen generation system and fuel cell stack incorporating a common heat transfer circuit