Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to study carbon allocation patterns in response to changes in nitrogen availability in the diatom Chaetoceros muellerii Lemmerman. The results of the FT-IR measurements were compared with those obtained with traditional chemical methods. The data obtained with both FT-IR and chemical methods showed that nitrogen starvation led to the disappearance of the differences in cell constituents and growth rates existing between cells cultured at either high [NO3−] or high [NH4+]. Irrespective of the nitrogen source supplied before nitrogen starvation, a diversion of carbon away from protein, chlorophyll, and carbohydrates into lipids was observed. Under these conditions, cells that had previously received nitrogen as nitrate appeared to allocate a larger amount of mobilized carbon into lipids than cells that had been cultured in the presence of ammonia. All these changes were reversed by resupplying the cultures with nitrogen. The rate of protein accumulation in the N-replete cells was slower than the rate of decrease under nitrogen starvation. This study demonstrates that the relative proportions of the major macromolecules contained in microalgal cells and their changes in response to external stimuli can be determined rapidly, simultaneously, and inexpensively using FT-IR. The technique proved to be equally reliable to and less labor intensive than more traditional chemical methods.

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a novel tool to investigate changes in intracellular macromolecular pools in the marine microalga chaetoceros muellerii (bacillariophyceae)

Fourier Transform Infrared microspectroscopy and chemometrics as a tool for the discrimination of cyanobacterial strains

Some particular cell components can be detected and identified by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) of intact bacteria. Typical marker bands were used to identify these bacterial cell components. Polypeptide capsules were detected in several Bacillus species by a band typical for α-helical structures and by strong carboxylate stretching vibrations. Formation of endospores in clostridia and bacilli was discovered using marker bands for dipicolinic acid. Spectra of some Bacillus strains showed expression of poly-β-hydroxybutyric acid granules, capsules and endospores simultaneously.

Identification of some bacterial cell components by FT-IR spectroscopy

Cell surface groups of two picocyanobacteria strains studied by zeta potential investigations, potentiometric titration, and infrared spectroscopy

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in combination with the partial least squares (PLS) multivariative statistical technique was used for quantitative analysis of the poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) contents of bacterial cells. A total of 237 replicate spectra from 34 samples were obtained together with gas chromatography-determined reference PHB contents. Using the PLS regression, we were able to relate the infrared spectra to the reference PHB contents, and the correlation coefficient between the measured and predicted values for the optimal model with a standard error of prediction of 1.49% PHB was 0.988. With this technique, there are no solvent requirements, sample preparation is minimal and simple, and analysis time is greatly reduced; our results demonstrate the potential of FTIR spectroscopy as an alternative to the conventional methods used for analysis of PHB in bacterial cells.

Quantitative Determination of the Biodegradable Polymer Poly(β-hydroxybutyrate) in a Recombinant Escherichia coli Strain by Use of Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariative Statistics

Rapid differentiation of archaebacteria from eubacteria by diffuse reflectance Fourier-transform IR spectroscopic analysis of lipid preparations

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Rapid differentiation of archaebacteria from eubacteria by diffuse reflectance Fourier-transform IR spectroscopic analysis of lipid preparations