『Google Scholar』の利点

This work develops a bikeway network design model for cycling in urban areas. The objectives of the proposed model are to minimize cyclist risk, maximize cyclist comfort, maximize service coverage for residents, and minimize the impact of the bikeway on existing traffic. The proposed model considers the following constraints: bikeway type, monetary budgets, path continuities, and value ranges of decision variables. Grey numbers are employed to deal with parameter uncertainties, and the proposed model is developed as a multi-objective grey 0–1 programming problem. A case study of the Xinyi District, Taipei City, is conducted. The grey one-stage algorithm is applied to solve this problem. In total, six non-dominated alternatives are generated for the case study. In comparing model alternatives with the existing network, this work confirms that the existing biking network prioritizes cyclist comfort. Scenario analyses indicate that maintaining the lower bound of the length percentage of wooded areas at 20–40 % generates better performance than that of the other scenarios, while decreasing the number of traffic accidents only decreases cyclist risk and does not alter the other objectives. The proposed model is the first network design model for bikeways in literature and will assist bikeway planners in developing alternatives for further evaluation and in developing detailed designs efficiently and systematically.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11116-012-9409-6.pdf

A bikeway network design model for urban areas

(E-)Cyclists running the red light - The influence of bicycle type and infrastructure characteristics on red light violations.

1引言 '生态城市'这一概念的英文表达有Ecocity,Ecologicalcity,Ecopolis,Ecoville,Ecovillage等.这一概念与学说是1980年代发展起来的一种理想的人居环境理论.俄国科学家O.Yanitsky(1981)第一次提出生态城市(Ecopolis)思想.自生态城市概念提出以来,生态城市的内涵不断得到丰富,有许多人对生态城市基本概念贡献了关键性的思想.

《Ecocity Berkeley—Building Cities for a Healthy Future》^＊一书评介

Promoting bicycle helmet wearing by children using nonlegislative interventions: systematic review and meta-analysis . Royal S., Kendrick D. & Coleman T. ( 2007 ) Injury Prevention , 13 , 162 – 167 . DOI: 10.1136/ip.2006.013441. 



Objectives  To assess the effectiveness of nonlegislative interventions in increasing bicycle helmet use among children and young people, and to identify possible reasons for differential effectiveness of interventions.



Design  Systematic review and meta-analysis.



Data sources  10 electronic databases were searched up to October 2006. Several other sources of potentially relevant information were identified and examined.



Review methods  We included randomized controlled trials, nonrandomized controlled trials and controlled before-and-after studies of interventions to promote bicycle helmet use, which did not require the enactment of legislation. Participants were aged between 0 and 18 years.



Main outcome measure  Observed helmet wearing.



Results  13 studies were included in the review and 11 in the meta-analysis. The odds of observed helmet wearing were significantly greater among children and young people in the intervention groups (OR 2.13, 95% CI 1.35–3.35). Subgroup analysis indicated that the effect might be greater for community-based studies (4.57, 2.37–8.81) and those providing free helmets (4.60, 2.25–9.43) than for those providing subsidized helmets (2.11, 1.09–4.06) and those set in schools (1.73, 1.04–2.89). Evidence for the effectiveness of the interventions was stronger in studies with follow-up periods of ≥6 months (2.23, 1.27–3.90) than in those with longer-term follow-up (1.63, 0.91–2.91).



Conclusions  Non-legislative interventions are effective in increasing bicycle helmet use among children and young people. Community-based helmet promotion programmes that include the provision of free helmets may increase observed helmet wearing to a greater extent than those set in schools or those providing subsidized helmets.

Promoting bicycle helmet wearing by children using nonlegislative interventions: systematic review and meta-analysis

Promoting Bicycle Commuter Safety, Research Report 11-08

When cycling is encouraged and the number of cyclists increases, safety can improve. This report focuses on an overview of the risks associated with cycling to emphasize the need for safety. The structure of the Five Es -- education, engineering, enforcement, encouragement and evaluation -- is used to organize information with particular emphasis on engineering and education. A series of case studies gives first hand information about bicycle safety. Education in relation to safety is the focus in San Jose;, California; engineering and evaluation in Berkeley, California; engineering, education, and enforcement in Davis, California; and education and encouragement in the Portland, Oregon area.

https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/23953/dot_23953_DS1.pdf

Promoting Bicycle Commuter Safety

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

David E. Czerwinski

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Promoting Bicycle Commuter Safety, Research Report 11-08

Promoting Bicycle Commuter Safety