Innovative approaches to breeding in the dairy industry

The main directions of development of the fuel and energy complex at the regional level

Personal subsidiary plots in the Russian agrarian economy conditions play a significant role. In the Samara region, they provide for the production of about half of livestock products, potatoes, vegetables, fruits and berries, which is especially important for fulfilling the parameters of the new Concept of Food Security of the Russian Federation, adopted in January 2020. The aim of the work is to study personal subsidiary farms in the Samara region as one of the most important sources of food in the region and determine the parameters for predicting their development in the short term in order to formulate a state policy to support the formation of food security in the region. As part of the study, econometric models were built for forecasting the production of the main types of agricultural products in private household plots using the example of the livestock industry. Factors influencing the number of cattle and pigs in all typical settlements were identified. State support measures are proposed to increase the number of these groups of animals in the sector of personal subsidiary plots. The number of cattle is influenced by the agricultural employment of the owners of private household plots, the available livestock of other types of farm animals, and the size of the land plot. The number of pigs is mainly influenced by work in an agricultural enterprise.

Forecasting operating parameters of personal households

Emissions from fossil fuels are expected to increase in accordance with the global economy, which causes the development of alternative non-hydrocarbon sources in energy production. Biodiesel is one of the best options, among other sources, due to its low footprint. Russia does not have a smart policy of state support for biofuel production. The work objective was to determine whether it is necessary to develop equipment for biodiesel production, taking into account the structure of cultivated areas and available technologies; to calculate economic indicators of biodiesel production for agricultural needs; to compare the options for spring rape cultivation; as well as calculate the government support optimal level. As research methods, the authors used the apparatus of economic and mathematical modeling, and the method of absolute, relative and average values. Statistical tables are used to present the research results. Based on our study results, it is proven that the homemade biodiesel production by agricultural enterprises is economically justified. The equipment needed for its production was determined, the main economic indicators of the fuel production type and the optimal value of monetary and labor costs were calculated, and the gross and market biofuel values were obtained. The optimum level of government support for biofuel production in the Middle Volga region should be EUR 13.223 million, and the area planted with oil crops should be increased by 47.1 thousand ha.

/pdf/agronomic-and-economic-aspects-of-biodiesel-production-from-1d8pyapw.pdf

Agronomic and Economic Aspects of Biodiesel Production from Oilseeds: A Case Study in Russia, Middle Volga Region

Social factors determining the social danger of acts in the sphere of functioning of objects of the fuel and energy complex

Government support for the development of biofuel production is a relevant part of the system of budget regulation of agricultural production in the Russian Federation. Currently, there is no sound financing method for mechanisms of state regulation of biofuel production which impedes impartial allocation of funds and makes this procedure non-transparent and not motivated enough. In view of this situation, a mathematical economic model was developed that allows one to calculate the optimum level of government support for every type of biofuel considering main areas of state support. We propose to consider three scenarios for the determination of the optimum level of public funding. The first one allows for optimization of the level of government support considering sizes of agricultural production for the i-th crop to provide farms of the region. The second scenario suggests the determination of the maximum profit from the biofuel production through increased agriculturally used areas. Finally, the third one considers calculation of the minimum expenses of achieving the volume of production that provides the farm with raw materials. According to the first scenario, the optimum level of government support for the field should be 1163.6 million rubles. In the implementation of the second scenario in the Samara region, the agriculturally used area planted with oil crops should be increased by 47.1 thousand ha.

/pdf/modelling-of-state-support-for-biodiesel-production-1tvqzbeh4u.pdf

Modelling of state support for biodiesel production

The article examines the production of agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation for the period from 2000 to 2020. The aim of the work is to develop a forecast for the production of the main types of agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation in modern conditions. Within the framework of this, the following tasks are supposed to be solved: - study of the availability of agricultural machinery for domestic agricultural producers; - identification of trends in the development of agricultural machinery production; - construction of econometric models that describe the volume of agricultural machinery produced. The information base of the study was the data of the Federal State Statistics Service. The study used statistical methods, in particular Student’s t-test. The null hypothesis about the presence of a systemic shift in the time series was tested using a dummy variable. The index of production potential was also used in the work. Calculations showed the presence of a systemic shift in the series of the studied indicators. Econometric models were built for each series. For the production of tractors and loaders for agricultural purposes, the model will have a mixed look. Combine production is characterized by quadratic functions. Based on the models obtained, the production of the main types of agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation for the period 2021–2023 was predicted.

https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1045/1/012014

Forecasting the production of agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation

Environmental assessment of the soil cover technogenic contamination with heavy metals

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Modelling of state support for biodiesel production

Forecasting the production of agricultural machinery in the Russian Federation

Environmental assessment of the soil cover technogenic contamination with heavy metals