In this article, we performed a comparative study to investigate the performance of methods for detecting emerging research fronts. Three types of citation network, co-citation, bibliographic coupling, and direct citation, were tested in three research domains, gallium nitride (GaN), complex network (CNW), and carbon nanotube (CNT). Three types of citation network were constructed for each research domain, and the papers in those domains were divided into clusters to detect the research front. We evaluated the performance of each type of citation network in detecting a research front by using the following measures of papers in the cluster: visibility, measured by normalized cluster size, speed, measured by average publication year, and topological relevance, measured by density. Direct citation, which could detect large and young emerging clusters earlier, shows the best performance in detecting a research front, and co-citation shows the worst. Additionally, in direct citation networks, the clustering coefficient was the largest, which suggests that the content similarity of papers connected by direct citations is the greatest and that direct citation networks have the least risk of missing emerging research domains because core papers are included in the largest component. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Comparative study on methods of detecting research fronts using different types of citation

This meta-analysis examined the exercise-mood relationship in older adults. 158 effect sizes (ESs) from 32 studies were grouped intoexperimental-versus-control, gains, and correlational ESs. Each study was coded for moderator variables related to descriptive, design, participant, exercise, and mood-assessment characteristics. Experimental-versus-control ESs for negative (NA) and positive affect (PA) were 0.35 (p .05), respectively, with an overall ES of 0.34, p < .05. The gains ESs for NA and PA in an exercise group were 0.39 (p < .05) and 0.35 (p < .05), respectively, with an overall ES of 0.38, p < .05. All effects were significantly greater than those for the control groups. Correlational ESs of 0.47 and 0.42 were found for NA and PA. respectively. It was concluded that chronic exercise is associated with improved mood in the elderly. Moderating variables and implications for exercise prescription to improve mood in the elderly are discussed.

The Effects of Exercise on Mood in Older Adults: A Meta-Analytic Review

PART ONE: BACKGROUND Writing as Conversation Managing Scholarship PART TWO: BEFORE WRITING BEGINS: CHOICES THAT MAKE PUBLICATION MORE LIKELY Choosing a Topic Identifying Conversants Using Exemplars PART THREE: BASIC COMPONENTS OF SCHOLARLY WRITING Title and Abstract Making an Outline (Really!) Introduction and Conclusion Presentation Body of the Paper/First Full Draft Revision, Submission, Revision and Publication

Writing for scholarly publication

Although cadaveric whole-body donation for the purposes of medical science is extremely important for medical education, the number of persons who choose to donate remains low. We assessed persons' willingness to consider whole body donation in a standardized telephone survey of Maryland households, identified using random digit dialing. In multivariable analyses, we assessed the independent relation of sociodemographics and attitudinal factors to willingness to consider donation, and we determined the amount of variation in willingness to consider donation among the study population that could be explained by these factors. Of 385 participants (84% of randomized homes), 49% reported they would consider whole body donation. In bivariate analysis, younger age, African-American race/ethnicity, less education and income, greater number of dependents, marital status, and attitudes about religion/spirituality, trust in hospitals, and income, gender, and racial/ethnic discrimination in hospitals were statistically significantly associated with 40-70% less odds of willingness to consider donation. After adjustment, persons of African-American race/ethnicity, less education, and those agreeing with the statements, "Rich patients receive better care at hospitals than poor patients," and "White patients receive better care at hospitals than other racial or ethnic groups," had 40-60% less odds of willingness to consider donation when compared to their counterparts. Respondents' race/ethnicity and education contributed most to willingness to consider donation. We conclude that demographic and attitudinal factors are strongly related to willingness to consider whole body donation. Efforts to enhance donation should seek to identify ways in which potential barriers to donation can be addressed by health professionals.

Whole Body Donation for Medical Science: A Population-Based Study

Physicians are dedicated to countering death. The new technologies of medicine focus on this end. Therefore, heart transplants, intrauterine surgery, and possible tissue transplants from fetal brains to injured brains are among issues at the frontier of medicine. The focus on finding a cure is so pervasive that the physician comes to regard death as a medical failure rather than a natural event. When Barney Clark died, his mechanical heart went on beating. This book does not focus on medicine's treatment approaches to counter death but on attitudes and social customs prevalent in regarding death. Many physicians in emphasizing technical issues are less prepared to deal with these facets. It is pointed out in the book that until the beginning of this century, death took place in the home with all family members present and participating, at times even building the coffin. The physician was almost peripheral. Today, the role

The Last Dance: Encountering Death and Dying

Are single-authored articles and books mandatory for advancement within the HPERD scholarly enterprise? What are the merits of multiple authorship? What are the emerging authorship trends? This article will address these and related issues.

Single versus multiple authorship in professional journals.

Live issues surrounding death education

This paper focuses on the recent phenomenon of death education. Formal approaches to education in this field have been needed for a long time. Assessment needs by various groups are discussed, as are examples of death education inquiry and curricular concerns.

The need to assess the impact of death education

The Minority Connection: African Americans In Administrative/Leadership Positions

Helping Children Understand Death.

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