The development of sodium-ion batteries for large-scale applications requires the synthesis of electrode materials with high capacity, high initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE), high rate performance, long cycle life, and low cost. A rational design of freestanding anode materials is reported for sodium-ion batteries, consisting of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets aligned vertically on carbon paper derived from paper towel. The hierarchical structure enables sufficient electrode/electrolyte interaction and fast electron transportation. Meanwhile, the unique architecture can minimize the excessive interface between carbon and electrolyte, enabling high ICE. The as-prepared MoS2@carbon paper composites as freestanding electrodes for sodium-ion batteries can liberate the traditional electrode manufacturing procedure, thereby reducing the cost of sodium-ion batteries. The freestanding MoS2@carbon paper electrode exhibits a high reversible capacity, high ICE, good cycling performance, and excellent rate capability. By exploiting in situ Raman spectroscopy, the reversibility of the phase transition from 2H-MoS2 to 1T-MoS2 is observed during the sodium-ion intercalation/deintercalation process. This work is expected to inspire the development of advanced electrode materials for high-performance sodium-ion batteries.

MoS2 Nanosheets Vertically Aligned on Carbon Paper: A Freestanding Electrode for Highly Reversible Sodium Ion Batteries

In-situ plantation of Fe3O4@C nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide nanosheet as high-performance anode for lithium/sodium-ion batteries

With the rapid development of technology, energy storage and conversion has become an emerging field, which accommodates requirements for higher efficiency and sustainability. As a main electrical energy source of electric vehicles (EV) and portable devices, it is hard for the conventional rechargeable batteries to meet the growing energy demand; thus, further exploration of advanced materials for basic components of secondary batteries is necessary. Among the novel materials, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been widely considered and regarded as promising candidates for the design of next-generation advanced batteries due to their enticing nature including easy preparation, abundant diversity, adjustable porosity, large surface area and high redox activity. Although MOF-based materials exhibited potential for advanced batteries, their practical applications in full cell systems are still in need of more in-depth studies. Herein, we carry out a comprehensive discussion on the progress of MOF-based materials for full cell applications. Initially, various synthetic routes for MOFs and their derivatives as well as the impact of different parameters like solvents, temperature, pH, and the gas atmosphere on the morphology of the resulting products are summarized and compared. Afterwards, an overview of the applications of MOF-based materials in full cells of lithium batteries, sodium batteries, aqueous batteries, fuel cells and other secondary batteries serving as cathodes, anodes, electrolytes and separators is provided. Finally, future outlook including main challenges and feasible solutions for the practical use of MOF-based materials in full cells is further explored.

Metal–organic framework-based materials for full cell systems: a review

Strategies to improve metal-organic frameworks and their derived oxides as lithium storage anode materials

Ge-doped quaternary metallic oxynitrides GaZnON: the high-performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Embedded ZnO nanoparticles in N-doped carbon nanoplate arrays grown on N-doped carbon paper as low-cost and lightweight electrodes for high-performance lithium storage

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Embedded ZnO nanoparticles in N-doped carbon nanoplate arrays grown on N-doped carbon paper as low-cost and lightweight electrodes for high-performance lithium storage