A novel method is presented to design single-feed high-gain EBG resonator antennas (ERAs) with significantly wider bandwidths. Dielectric contrast is introduced to 1-D EBG superstructures composed of unprinted dielectric slabs, and the thicknesses of each of these slabs is optimized to achieve a wideband defect mode in a unit-cell model. Next, antennas are designed and their superstructure areas are truncated to increase the antenna bandwidth and aperture efficiency while decreasing antenna footprint. We demonstrate that a small superstructure area increases the 3-dB bandwidth of ERAs significantly. A prototype ERA designed with a single feed and superstructure area as small as ${\hbox {1.5}} \lambda_0 \times {\hbox {1.5}} \lambda_0$ has a measured 3-dB directivity bandwidth of 22% at a peak gain of 18.2 dBi. This prototype antenna was made out of three slabs of different dielectric constants, two of them touching each other. This prototype demonstrates more than 85% reduction in the ERA footprint alongside a drastic improvement in bandwidth over the 3%–4% measured bandwidth of the classical single-feed ERAs with unprinted slabs.

Wideband High-Gain EBG Resonator Antennas With Small Footprints and All-Dielectric Superstructures

Extremely wideband resonant cavity antennas (RCAs) with large directivity-bandwidth products (DBPs) are presented. Their distinct feature is a single-slab superstrate that has a permittivity gradient in the directions transverse to the antenna axis. The application of such a superstrate in a single-feed RCA improves the DBP by a factor of three or more as compared with superstrates composed of uniform dielectric slabs. Their very small area enables an antenna designer to achieve unprecedented figures of DBP per unit area, from a simple planar antenna. Prototype RCAs have been fabricated and measurements have validated the concept. A measured 3-dB directivity bandwidth of 52.9% was demonstrated with a measured directivity of 16.4 dBi for an RCA that has a very small total footprint area of 1.54 $\lambda_0^2$ at the lowest operating frequency (2.84 $\lambda_{0,c}^2$ at the center frequency). This represents an increase of 90% over the previous best measured RCA directivity bandwidth of 28%.

A Class of Extremely Wideband Resonant Cavity Antennas With Large Directivity-Bandwidth Products

A simple method is presented to obtain a high-gain dual-band electromagnetic band gap (EBG) resonator antenna The antenna is based on a one-dimensional EBG structure, made out of two low-cost unprinted dielectric slabs The EBG structure is implemented as the antenna superstrate, which has been designed to provide a locally-inverted, positive reflection phase gradient with high reflectivity, in two pre-determined frequency bands A composite dual-band antenna has been designed and tested with a stacked patch feed Experimental results confirm the dual-band performance of the prototype antenna Measured peak gains of 145 dBi and 151 dBi, and 3-dB gain bandwidth of 45% and 46%, are achieved at 106 GHz and 132 GHz, respectively Measured 10-dB return-loss bandwidths are 64% and 39% in lower and upper bands, respectively Potential enhancements of antenna radiation characteristics are studied using small 2 × 2 patch array feeds It was found that such feeds can lead to lower side lobes, higher peak gains and larger gain bandwidths

A Simple Dual-Band Electromagnetic Band Gap Resonator Antenna Based on Inverted Reflection Phase Gradient

Broadband high-gain 2-D Fabry-Perot (FP) leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) consisting of two periodic metallodielectric arrays over a ground plane are presented. Full-wave method of moments (MoM) is employed for the estimation of the near fields upon plane wave illumination and the extraction of the far field directivity and radiation patterns of the LWA. This yields a fast and rigorous tool for the characterization of this type of antennas. Qualitative design guidelines to tailor the antenna directivity bandwidth are provided for the first time based on a detailed analysis of the excited modes. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the technique and prove the improvement in the antenna bandwidth. The proposed antenna exhibits a six-fold bandwidth improvement compared with the single array LWA with the same directivity. Simulated and experimental results from a finite size antenna prototype are presented.

/pdf/bandwidth-enhancement-of-2-d-leaky-wave-antennas-with-double-1zepsiehbt.pdf

Bandwidth Enhancement of 2-D Leaky-Wave Antennas With Double-Layer Periodic Surfaces

A novel compact low-profile circularly polarized Fabry-Perot resonator (CP-FPR) antenna fed by a linearly polarized microstrip patch tilting by 45
 °
 with respect to the axes is presented. The FP cavity consists of a partially reflective surface formed by cross-slot frequency selective surface (FSS) and a nonstandard artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) acting as reflective ground plane. Its profile is reduced to a quarter of a wavelength. For verification, a prototype antenna is designed and simulated by HFSS. Reasonable agreement between the simulated and measured results is observed. The prototype has a common frequency bandwidth of 6.4% for S
 11
 ≤ - 10 dB, gain-drop ≤ 3 dB, and axial ratio ≤ 3 dB.

Compact Low-Profile Circularly Polarized Fabry–Perot Resonator Antenna Fed by Linearly Polarized Microstrip Patch

In this paper, the broadband Fabry-Perot resonator antenna composed of single-layer FSS superstrate with dissimilar size square patch fed by U-slotted patch is proposed, which is validated by two cases of samples. It is demonstrated that the common bandwidth for (3 dB directivity-drop and −10 dB returned loss of the Fabry-Perot resonator antenna with the tapered FSS superstrate increases by 7.99% to 12.2% for two different cases, as compared to that of previously single layer FSS with similar size. At the same time the side-lobe level of antenna can also be improved.The simulated and measured results are good agreement each other. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 1623–1627, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23456

Broadband Fabry-Perot resonator printed antennas using FSS superstrate with dissimilar size

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Broadband Fabry-Perot resonator printed antennas using FSS superstrate with dissimilar size