Electric power monthly

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/14693062.2020.1724070

Climate policy co-benefits: a review

Assessing the impact of environmental regulation on pollution abatement and collaborative emissions reduction: Micro-evidence from Chinese industrial enterprises

Local air quality co-benefits can provide complementary support for ambitious climate action and can enable progress on related Sustainable Development Goals. Here we show that the transformation of the energy system implied by the emission reduction pledges brought forward in the context of the Paris Agreement on climate change (Nationally Determined Contributions or NDCs) substantially reduces local air pollution across the globe. The NDCs could avoid between 71 and 99 thousand premature deaths annually in 2030 compared to a reference case, depending on the stringency of direct air pollution controls. A more ambitious 2 °C-compatible pathway raises the number of avoided premature deaths from air pollution to 178–346 thousand annually in 2030, and up to 0.7–1.5 million in the year 2050. Air quality co-benefits on morbidity, mortality, and agriculture could globally offset the costs of climate policy. An integrated policy perspective is needed to maximise benefits for climate and health.

/pdf/air-quality-co-benefits-for-human-health-and-agriculture-49qsmp23yx.pdf

Air quality co-benefits for human health and agriculture counterbalance costs to meet Paris Agreement pledges.

The first price auction is the auction procedure awarding the item to the highest bidder at the price equal to his bid. Much attention has been devoted to the two bidder case or to the symmetric case where the bidders' valuations are identically and independently distributed. We consider the general case where the valuations' distributions may be different. Furthermore, we allow an arbitrary number of bidders as well as mixed strategies. We show that every Bayesian equilibrium is an " essentially " pure equilibrium formed by bid functions whose inverses are solutions of a system of differential equations with boundary conditions. We then prove the existence of a Bayesian equilibrium. We prove the uniqueness of the equilibrium when the valuation distributions have a mass point at the lower extremity of the support. When every bidder's valuation distribution is one of two atomless distributions, we give assumptions under which the equilibrium is unique. The n-tuples of distributions that result from symmetric settings after some bidders have colluded satisfy these assumptions. We establish inequalities between equilibrium strategies when relations of stochastic dominance exist between valuation distributions.

First Price Auctions in the Asymmetric N Bidder Case

Establishing existence and characterizing equilibria is a fundamental step in the study of auctions. Theoretical characterizations and empirical predictions are well accepted only to the extent that they are based on equilibria. However, despite the fact that auctions have been extensively studied, there are still many problems regarding equilibrium existence and characterization waiting for resolution. In this survey, we review the landmark results and highlight open questions. In addition, we review the standard assumptions underlying these results, and discuss the suitability of the Nash equilibrium solution concept. We focus our review on single-object auctions, but also review results in multi-unit, divisible, combinatorial, and double auctions.

Equilibria existence and characterization in auctions: achievements and open questions

In our analytical general equilibrium model where two polluting inputs can be substitutes or complements in production, we study the effects of a tax on one pollutant in two cases: one where both pollutants face taxes and the second where the other pollutant is subject to a permit policy. In each case, we solve for closed-form solutions that highlight important parameters. We demonstrate two important ways that environmental taxes and permits are not equivalent. First, the change in the pollutant facing a tax increase depends on whether the other pollutant is subject to a tax or permit policy. Second, if that other pollutant is subject to a tax, then general equilibrium effects can increase or decrease its quantity (affecting overall welfare). However, when the second pollutant is subject to a permit policy that binds, then welfare is not affected by this spillover effect. Finally, a numerical exercise helps demonstrate these two ways that taxes and permits differ. Using the example of coal-fired power plants, our numerical exercise examines the impacts of increasing a hypothetical carbon tax on the quantity of sulfur dioxide emissions.

Multiple Pollutants, Uncovered Sectors, and Suboptimal Environmental Policies

General Equilibrium Models with Morishima Elasticities of Substitution in Production

https://works.bepress.com/don_fullerton/72/download/

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Papers

Equilibria existence and characterization in auctions: achievements and open questions

Multiple Pollutants, Uncovered Sectors, and Suboptimal Environmental Policies

Multiple Pollutants, Uncovered Sectors, and Suboptimal Environmental Policies

General Equilibrium Models with Morishima Elasticities of Substitution in Production

Multiple Pollutants, Uncovered Sectors, and Suboptimal Environmental Policies