Uptake and dissipation of metalaxyl-M, fludioxonil, cyantraniliprole and thiamethoxam in greenhouse chrysanthemum

Background The black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon is the most destructive early season insect pest of corn. In this study, the control efficiency of cyantraniliprole seed treatment against A. ipsilon was evaluated, and the residual concentrations of cyantraniliprole and its metabolite J9Z38 in the stalks of corn seedlings and soil were investigated. Results Plant pot experiments showed that A. ipsilon larval mortality was greater than 92% and that the percentage of corn seedlings damaged by A. ipsilon was less than 24% when corn seeds were treated with cyantraniliprole at 2 and 4 g AI kg-1 seed. Cyantraniliprole seed treatment at a dosage of 2 g AI kg-1 seed significantly reduced A. ipsilon infestation compared to chlorantraniliprole and clothianidin seed treatments in corn fields. Cyantraniliprole seed treatment resulted in more persistent control efficiency of A. ipsilon in spring than in summer. Cyantraniliprole and J9Z38 residues in corn stalks and soil degraded more slowly in the spring than in the summer. Conclusion Cyantraniliprole used as a seed treatment can protect corn plants from A. ipsilon infestations throughout the seedling stage. The high biological activity of cyantraniliprole was consistent with the residue levels of cyantraniliprole in the corn stalks and soil. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cyantraniliprole seed treatment efficiency against Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and residue concentrations in corn plants and soil.

With the widespread adoption of no-tillage technology, outbreaks of thrips have caused serious damage to summer corn fields in China. Therefore, effective control of pest populations is often essential for cost-effective crop production. In this study, experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 to determine the control efficacy of seven neonicotinoid insecticide seed treatments against corn thrips and the effects of these treatments on natural enemy population densities and emergence rates, seedling characteristics, and yield of corn. The results showed that among the tested neonicotinoid seed treatments, thiamethoxam (1.0 and 2.0 g active ingredient (AI)/kg of seeds), clothianidin (1.0 and 2.0 g AI/kg of seeds), and imidacloprid (2.0 g AI/kg of seeds) showed the highest control efficacy against corn thrips throughout the corn growing season. Seed treatments with acetamiprid, nitenpyram, dinotefuran, and thiacloprid at rates of 1.0 and 2.0 g AI/kg of seeds were difficult to effectively control thrips on summer corn. Neonicotinoid seed treatments showed no adverse effects on the numbers of spiders and lady beetles. Furthermore, treatments did not negatively influence the seedling growth or development of corn but did prevent yield losses. Therefore, treating corn seeds with thiamethoxam, clothianidin, and imidacloprid can provide effective protection against early-season thrips and reduce yield losses under field conditions.

Thiamethoxam, Clothianidin, and Imidacloprid Seed Treatments Effectively Control Thrips on Corn Under Field Conditions.

The dissipation behaviors of acetamiprid and chlorantraniliprole in kimchi cabbages were studied under open-field conditions. A simple and rapid analytical method was developed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) conditions of two pesticides were optimized to quantify and identify the pesticide residues. Sample preparation was performed by the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method. Average recovery rates at the different spiked levels (0.05 and 0.25 mg/kg) were in the range of 103.6–113.9% (acetamiprid) and 80.8–91.2% (chlorantraniliprole), and the relative standard deviations were ≤4.3% for all. The dissipation kinetics were assessed using first-order equations after spraying acetamiprid and chlorantraniliprole individually on kimchi cabbages. The biological half-lives in field 1 and 2 were 5.2 and 6.3 days (acetamiprid) and 10.0 and 15.2 days (chlorantraniliprole), respectively. Based on the dissipation equations, the pre-harvest residue limits (PHRLs) corresponding to each day before harvest were suggested as the guidelines to meet the MRL on harvest day. It was also predicted that the terminal residues observed after multiple sprayings (three and seven days) would be below the MRL when harvested, in compliance with the established pre-harvest intervals.

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/14/2616/pdf

Dissipation Kinetics and the Pre-Harvest Residue Limits of Acetamiprid and Chlorantraniliprole in Kimchi Cabbage Using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Enrichment of diamide insecticides from environmental water samples using metal-organic frameworks as adsorbents for determination by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

To study the dissipation rates and final residual levels of chlorantraniliprole and thiamethoxam in maize straw, maize, and soil, two independent field trials were conducted during the 2014 cropping season in Beijing and Anhui Provinces of China. A 40% wettable powder (20% chlorantraniliprole + 20% thiamethoxam) was sprayed onto maize straw and soil at an application rate of 118 g of active ingredient per hectare (g a.i.ha−1). The residual concentrations were determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. The chlorantraniliprole half-lives in maize straw and soil were 9.0–10.8 and 9.5–21.7 days, respectively. The thiamethoxam half-lives in maize straw and soil were 8.4–9.8 and 4.3–11.7 days, respectively. The final residues of chlorantraniliprole and thiamethoxam in maize straw, maize, and soil were measured after the pesticides had been sprayed two and three times with an interval of 7 days using 1 and 1.5 times the recommended rate (72 g a.i. ha−1 and 108 g ...

Concentration and dissipation of chlorantraniliprole and thiamethoxam residues in maize straw, maize, and soil

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Concentration and dissipation of chlorantraniliprole and thiamethoxam residues in maize straw, maize, and soil