The proteomes of eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea are highly diverse due, in part, to the complex post-translational modification of protein glycosylation. The diversity of glycosylation in eukaryotes is reliant on nucleotide sugar transporters to translocate specific nucleotide sugars that are synthesised in the cytosol and nucleus, into the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus where glycosylation reactions occur. Thirty years of research utilising multidisciplinary approaches has contributed to our current understanding of NST function and structure. In this review, the structure and function, with reference to various disease states, of several NSTs including the UDP-galactose, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, GDP-fucose, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine/UDP-glucose/GDP-mannose and CMP-sialic acid transporters will be described. Little is known regarding the exact structure of NSTs due to difficulties associated with crystallising membrane proteins. To date, no three-dimensional structure of any NST has been elucidated. What is known is based on computer predictions, mutagenesis experiments, epitope-tagging studies, in-vitro assays and phylogenetic analysis. In this regard the best-characterised NST to date is the CMP-sialic acid transporter (CST). Therefore in this review we will provide the current state-of-play with respect to the structure-function relationship of the (CST). In particular we have summarised work performed by a number groups detailing the affect of various mutations on CST transport activity, efficiency, and substrate specificity.

Structure and function of nucleotide sugar transporters: Current progress.

The present invention is directed at substituted amide compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and the use of such compounds to reduce plasma lipid levels, such as LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides and accordingly to treat diseases which are exacerbated by high levels of LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, in mammals, including humans.

Substituted amide compounds

Disclosed are a marker composed of tissue snoRNA and a kit used for predicting the liver cancer recurrence risk. The invention discloses a marker used for predicting the postoperative recurrence risk of a patient who suffers from liver cancer. The maker is composed of one or several of the following snoRNA nucleic acid molecules: U15a, U19, ACA21, ACA31, U42b, U52 and/or ACA61. The invention further discloses a multi-gene kit for evaluating the postoperative recurrence risk of the patient who suffers from liver cancer. The kit comprises an agent for detecting the level of the following snoRNA nucleic acid molecules including U15a, U19, ACA21, ACA31, U42b, U52 and/or ACA61 in the tumor tissue of a patient who suffers from liver cancer. The kit can reflect the postoperative recurrence risk of a patient who suffers from liver cancer, allows excessive treatment to a low-risk patient to be avoided, and warns a high-risk patient. The kit is convenient for a clinician to adopt a personalized recurrence prevention scheme in time.

Marker composed of tissue snoRNA and kit used for predicting liver cancer recurrence risk

The invention belongs to the field of biopharmaceutical research and in particular relates to application of an IDNK inhibitor in preparation of a medicine used for treating liver cancer. Wide and deep study firstly finds that inhibition of expression of IDNK can obviously influence proliferation of liver cancer cells BEL-7404 cells, influence cell cycle distribution and promote cell apoptosis. Therefore, the gene can be one key functional gene promoting occurrence development of the liver cancer and can be taken as one potential therapeutic target for the liver cancer.

Application of IDNK inhibitor in preparation of medicine used for treating liver cancer

At present,long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) are hot spots which are different from other smaller non-coding RNAs.Through researches,lncRNAs have been found to affect species evolution,embryonic development,metabolism and tumorigenesis.Research of IncRNAs will make revolutionary changes in the understanding of the networks of cell structure,regulatory networks,as well as provide scientific evidence for future diagnosis and treatment of clinical diseases,especially in human tumors.In this review,we summarized research in the current status of lncRNAs in human tumors.

Research Status of the Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Development of Tumor

The present invention relates to highly up-reglated in liver cancer (HULC) siRNA and a use of the HULC siRNA in preparation of drugs for treatment of liver cancer. Specifically, the present invention relates to siRNA of the HULC, an expression vector of the siRNA of the HULC, host cells containing the expression vector, and a composition, wherein the active ingredient of the composition is the siRNA of the HULC or the expression vector. The present invention further relates to a kit for the treatment of the liver cancer, wherein the kit comprises the siRNA of the HULC or the expression vector. The present invention further relates to the use of the siRNA of the HULC or the expression vector in preparation of the drugs for the treatment of the liver cancer, and the use of the HULC as a therapeutic target for the liver cancer. With the present invention, the promising action target and the drug candidates with therapeutic prospects are provided for the treatment of the liver cancer.

HULC siRNA and use of HULC siRNA in preparation of drugs for treatment of liver cancer

Objective To study the expression of non-coding RNA HULC in different rumor cell lines and its effects on the expression of neighboring genes. Methods The expression levels of HULC were detected in different tumor cell lines. And the neighboring genes of HULC were searched by bioinformatics.Then its effects on the neighboring genes were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results The expression levels of HULC RNA were detected in the 293T, EC9706, KYSE150, HCT116,SMMC-7721, HepG2, H446 and H1299 cell lines. Non-coding RNA HULC was specifically highly upregulated in hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2. Little coding genes existed around HULC gene ( ＜ 1000 bp) and the nearest coding gene was SLC35B3 at 200 000 bp away from the location of HULC gene. The SMMC-7721 cell line had a low endogenous expression of HULC gene. In comparison with SMMC-7721 cell line, the expression of SLC35B3 gene in HepG2 cell line was higher [ (0. 477 ± 0. 040) % vs (0. 129 ± 0. 004) %, P ＜0. 01 ]. The exogenous expression of HULC had little effects on SLC35B3 gene. But knocking down the expression of HULC gene by siRNA attenuated the expression of SLC35B3 [ siA (0. 283 ± 0. 007 )%, siB (0.387±0.015)%,control(0.477 ±0.042)%]. Conclusion The specifically up-regulated non-coding gene HULC in HepG2 cell line has some effects on the expression of its neighboring gene SLC35B3.

Key words: 
RNA,untranslated;  Computational biology;  HULC RNA;  Gene, SLC35B3

[Specifically up-regulated non-coding RNA gene HULC in tumor cell lines and its effects on the expression of neighboring gene SLC35B3].

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Dan Li

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

HULC siRNA and use of HULC siRNA in preparation of drugs for treatment of liver cancer

[Specifically up-regulated non-coding RNA gene HULC in tumor cell lines and its effects on the expression of neighboring gene SLC35B3].