Review on the criteria anticipated for the fabrication of highly efficient ZnO-based visible-light-driven photocatalysts

Heterogeneous photocatalysis is a promising strategy for addressing the worldwide environmental pollution and energy shortage issues. However, unlike TiO2 with good photostability, the intrinsic drawback of photoinduced decomposition, i.e., photocorrosion, of semiconductors significantly challenges durable photocatalysis. In this review, the photocorrosion mechanisms of typical semiconductors and different characterization methods proposed for monitoring the photocorrosion process of semiconductor-based composite photocatalysts are elaborated. Dedicated emphasis is put on the strategies for improving the anti-photocorrosion property of semiconductor-based photocatalysts, including modifying the crystal structure or morphology of semiconductors, doping with heteroatoms, hybridizing with various semiconductors and/or cocatalysts, and regulating the photocatalytic reaction conditions. Finally, we cast a personal prospect on the future development of the rational design of corrosion-controlled semiconductor-b...

Photocorrosion Inhibition of Semiconductor-Based Photocatalysts: Basic Principle, Current Development, and Future Perspective

Perspective and status of polymeric graphitic carbon nitride based Z-scheme photocatalytic systems for sustainable photocatalytic water purification

Artificial Z-scheme photocatalytic system: What have been done and where to go?

Z-scheme photocatalytic system is an efficient way to achieve high efficiency photocatalytic overall water splitting. However, the acquisition of efficient Z-scheme visible-light photocatalysts is still a huge challenge at present due to the inactive visible light-active component and various low-band-gap for semiconductors. Herein, we constructed the BiVO 4 /CDs/CdS Z-scheme photocatalyst with carbon dots (CDs) as solid-state electron mediator, which exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity and stability for photocatalytic overall water splitting under visible light. The BCC50 (BiVO 4 /CDs/CdS with the mass ratio of BiVO 4 /CdS = 50%) as photocatalyst shows the best photocatalytic activity with stoichiometric ratio of H 2 evolution rate of 1.24 μmol/h and O 2 evolution rate of about 0.61 μmol/h. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of the Z-scheme photocatalyst can be attributed to high efficiencies for separation and transport of photogenerated charge carriers and extended the lifetime of electrons and holes.

Carbon dots as solid-state electron mediator for BiVO4/CDs/CdS Z-scheme photocatalyst working under visible light

It is of great interest to develop plasmonic photocatalysts with high activity and stability recently. In this paper, Au/ZnO nanorods were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method and used as photocatalysts for methyl orange dye degradation. The results revealed an interesting phenomenon that photocorrosion cracks were produced specially along the c-axis of pure ZnO nanorods for five cycles photodegradation experiments under UV–vis. light irradiation, while Au nanoparticles surface modification can effectively inhibit the occurrence of photocorrosion and improve its photocatalytic activity. The formation of photocorrossion cracks along the c-axis of pure ZnO nanorods verifies the photogenerated charges may follow the route that electrons migrate to Zn-terminated (0001) plane and holes to O-terminated ( 000 1 − ) plane. SPR effect of Au nanoparticles enhances the light absorption ability and the electrons capture ability of Au/ZnO nanorods. Moreover, the surface adsorbed hydroxyl groups content is also increased due to Au nanoparticles modification. As Au nanoparticles can capture photogenerated electrons and hydroxyl groups are the favorable holes scavenger, the charges generation and separation in photocatalysis are strengthened. Especially, the charges separation path in Au/ZnO nanorods have changed, thus inhibiting the occurrence of photocorrosion along the c-axis of ZnO nanorods and improving the photocatalytic activity.

Synthesis and properties of Au/ZnO nanorods as a plasmonic photocatalyst

A novel photocatalyst AgBr/ZnO/RGO with high visible light photocatalytic activity

Target preparation of multicomponent composites Au@CdS/g-C3N4 as efficient visible light photocatalysts with the assistance of biomolecules

The invention relates to a method for preparing nano-hydroxy aluminum oxide powder, which prepares an aluminum base composite material by ball-milling aluminum powder, gallium powder, tin powder and inorganic salt sodium chloride powder under the protection condition of argon, wherein the aluminum base composite material is reacted for 24h in water of 70 DEG C to prepare hydrogen and hydroxy aluminium oxide microspheres, the hydroxy aluminium oxide microspheres are filtered and washed through deionized water, and is mixed with 80mL water to have a hydrothermal reaction after being dried 24h in a 80 DEG C drying box, a potential of hydrogen (pH) value of a solution is adjusted in 4-10, and is heated 12h in 160-220 DEG C, solid powder is filtered, and is washed through the deionized water, is dried 24h in the 80 DEG C drying box to prepare 50-200nm nano-hydroxy aluminum oxide powder with excellent crystallization property. The method for preparing the nano-hydroxy aluminum oxide powder can obtain the nano-hydroxy aluminum oxide powder and hydrogen energy source at the same time, and can effectively reduce manufacturing cost of hydrogen by adopting aluminum water. The prepared nano-hydroxy aluminum oxide powder can be used to prepare nanometer aluminum oxide, high performance catalysts, biological ceramics and efficient non-toxic fire retardants and the like.

Method for preparing nano-hydroxy aluminum oxide powder

A ternary composite photocatalyst CdS/Au/g-C3N4 was synthesized by a facile two-step photoreduction method. In this hybrid structure, CdS nanoparticles and CdS@Au core–shell nanoparticles are homogeneously deposited on the surface of g-C3N4 to produce two different structures CdS–g-C3N4 and CdS@Au–g-C3N4. The microstructure analysis results of the composition, chemical states, and optical properties of as-prepared ternary hybrid reveal that a strong interaction exists between CdS nanoparticles, CdS@Au nanoparticles and the g-C3N4 bulk. The ternary composite CdS/Au/g-C3N4 exhibits significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity for RhB degradation under visible light irradiation compared with the binary composites CdS/g-C3N4, Au/g-C3N4 and pure g-C3N4. Meanwhile, CdS/Au/g-C3N4 also demonstrates good photostability in the recycling test of RhB degradation. The active species in the photocatalytic reaction over CdS/Au/g-C3N4 are detected as O2˙− and h+. The superior photocatalytic performance of CdS/Au/g-C3N4 should be attributed to the enhanced separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons–holes induced by the formed heterojunctions CdS–g-C3N4 and Z-scheme structure CdS@Au–g-C3N4 where Au nanoparticles serve as electrons mediator.

Photochemical preparation of the ternary composite CdS/Au/g-C3N4 with enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance and its microstructure

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