The last decades brought impressive progress in synthesizing and studying properties of nuclides located very far from the beta stability line. Among the most fundamental properties of such exotic nuclides, the ones usually established first are the half-life, possible radioactive decay modes, and their relative probabilities. When approaching limits of nuclear stability, new decay modes set in. First, beta decays are accompanied by emission of nucleons from highly excited states of daughter nuclei. Second, when the nucleon separation energy becomes negative, nucleons start being emitted from the ground state. A review of the decay modes occurring close to the limits of stability is presented. The experimental methods used to produce, identify, and detect new species and their radiation are discussed. The current theoretical understanding of these decay processes is reviewed. The theoretical description of the most recently discovered and most complex radioactive process---the two-proton radioactivity---is discussed in more detail.

Radioactive decays at limits of nuclear stability

The BigRIPS in-flight separator, which became operational in March 2007 at the RI Beam
Factory (RIBF) at RIKEN Nishina Center, has been used to produce a variety of rare-isotope
(RI) beams by using in-flight fission as well as projectile fragmentation. Its major features are
large ion-optical acceptances and two-stage structure. Excellent performance in particle identification
is also an important feature. Efficient RI-beam production based on the in-flight scheme
has been made possible by these features of the BigRIPS separator, allowing us to greatly expand
the accessible region of exotic nuclei. An RI-beam delivery line following the BigRIPS separator
is designed to work as a forward spectrometer, called ZeroDegree. As a major experimental
device at RIBF, the ZeroDegree spectrometer has been used for a variety of reaction studies with
RI beams. In this paper, we present an overview of the BigRIPS separator and the ZeroDegree
spectrometer, emphasizing the capability and potential of the new-generation RI beam facility,
RIBF.

/pdf/bigrips-separator-and-zerodegree-spectrometer-at-riken-ri-22mu0n1uak.pdf

BigRIPS separator and ZeroDegree spectrometer at RIKEN RI Beam Factory

In this review, we discuss the present status of three indirect techniques that are used to determine reaction rates for stellar burning processes, asymptotic normalization coefficients, the Trojan Horse method and Coulomb dissociation. A comprehensive review of the theory behind each of these techniques is presented. This is followed by an overview of the experiments that have been carried out using these indirect approaches.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0034-4885/77/10/106901/pdf

Indirect techniques in nuclear astrophysics: a review

We have developed a method for achieving excellent resolving power in in-flight particle identification of radioactive isotope (RI) beams at the BigRIPS fragment separator at the RIKEN Nishina Center RI Beam Factory (RIBF). In the BigRIPS separator, RI beams are identified by their atomic number Z and mass-to-charge ratio A/Q which are deduced from the measurements of time of flight (TOF), magnetic rigidity (Bρ) and energy loss (ΔE), and delivered as tagged RI beams to a variety of experiments including secondary reaction measurements. High A/Q resolution is an essential requirement for this scheme, because the charge state Q of RI beams has to be identified at RIBF energies such as 200–300 MeV/nucleon. By precisely determining the Bρ and TOF values, we have achieved relative A/Q resolution as good as 0.034% (root-mean-square value). The achieved A/Q resolution is high enough to clearly identify the charge state Q in the Z versus A/Q particle identification plot, where fully-stripped and hydrogen-like peaks are very closely located. The precise Bρ determination is achieved by refined particle trajectory reconstruction, while a slew correction is performed to precisely determine the TOF value. Furthermore background events are thoroughly removed to improve reliability of the particle identification. In the present paper we present the details of the particle identification scheme in the BigRIPS separator. The isotope separation in the BigRIPS separator is also briefly introduced.

Identification and separation of radioactive isotope beams by the BigRIPS separator at the RIKEN RI Beam Factory

Nuclear Data Sheets for A = 152

Identification of 45 New Neutron-Rich Isotopes Produced by In-Flight Fission of a 238U Beam at 345 MeV/nucleon

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Identification of 45 New Neutron-Rich Isotopes Produced by In-Flight Fission of a 238U Beam at 345 MeV/nucleon