/pdf/high-resolution-x-ray-computed-tomography-in-geosciences-a-3sj7249knj.pdf

High-resolution X-ray computed tomography in geosciences: A review of the current technology and applications

I12 is the Joint Engineering, Environmental and Processing (JEEP) beamline, constructed during Phase II of the Diamond Light Source. I12 is located on a short (5 m) straight section of the Diamond storage ring and uses a 4.2 T superconducting wiggler to provide polychromatic and monochromatic X-rays in the energy range 50–150 keV. The beam energy enables good penetration through large or dense samples, combined with a large beam size (1 mrad horizontally × 0.3 mrad vertically). The beam characteristics permit the study of materials and processes inside environmental chambers without unacceptable attenuation of the beam and without the need to use sample sizes which are atypically small for the process under study. X-ray techniques available to users are radiography, tomography, energy-dispersive diffraction, monochromatic and white-beam two-dimensional diffraction/scattering and small-angle X-ray scattering. Since commencing operations in November 2009, I12 has established a broad user community in materials science and processing, chemical processing, biomedical engineering, civil engineering, environmental science, palaeontology and physics.

https://journals.iucr.org/s/issues/2015/03/00/ie5138/ie5138.pdf

I12: the Joint Engineering, Environment and Processing (JEEP) beamline at Diamond Light Source.

Synchrotron-radiation computed tomography has been applied in many research fields. Here, PITRE (Phase-sensitive X-ray Image processing and Tomography REconstruction) and PITRE_BM (PITRE Batch Manager) are presented. PITRE supports phase retrieval for propagation-based phase-contrast imaging/tomography (PPCI/PPCT), extracts apparent absorption, refractive and scattering information of diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI), and allows parallel-beam tomography reconstruction for conventional absorption CT data and for PPCT phase retrieved and DEI-CT extracted information. PITRE_BM is a batch processing manager for PITRE: it executes a series of tasks, created via PITRE, without manual intervention. Both PITRE and PITRE_BM are coded in Interactive Data Language (IDL), and have a user-friendly graphical user interface. They are freeware and can run on Microsoft Windows systems via IDL Virtual Machine, which can be downloaded for free and does not require a license. The data-processing principle and some examples of application will be presented.

https://webint.ts.infn.it/fileadmin/int/physics/experiments/beats2/pitre/PITRE_Reference_Paper.pdf

PITRE: software for phase-sensitive X-ray image processing and tomography reconstruction.

X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a powerful technique for noninvasively characterizing materials. This chapter covers x-ray computed tomography (CT) in its forms spanning large components (booster rockets) to millimeter-sized material specimens to micrometer-sized samples. Emphasis is on contrast produced by differences in x-ray attenuation, although CT using x-ray phase contrast, x-ray fluorescence, or x-ray diffraction is also covered briefly.


Keywords:

x-ray computed tomography (CT);
x-ray phase contrast;
x-ray fluorescence

X-Ray Computed Tomography

X-ray phase-contrast imaging and tomography make use of the refraction of X-rays by the sample in image formation. This provides considerable additional information in the image compared to conventional X-ray imaging methods, which rely solely on X-ray absorption by the sample. Phase-contrast imaging highlights edges and internal boundaries of a sample and is thus complementary to absorption contrast, which is more sensitive to the bulk of the sample. Phase-contrast can also be used to image low-density materials, which do not absorb X-rays sufficiently to form a conventional X-ray image. In the context of materials science, X-ray phase-contrast imaging and tomography have particular value in the 2D and 3D characterization of low-density materials, the detection of cracks and voids and the analysis of composites and multiphase materials where the different components have similar X-ray attenuation coefficients. Here we review the use of phase-contrast imaging and tomography for a wide variety of materials science characterization problems using both synchrotron and laboratory sources and further demonstrate the particular benefits of phase contrast in the laboratory setting with a series of case studies.

In-Line Phase-Contrast X-ray Imaging and Tomography for Materials Science

An equation in the paper by Weitkamp et al. [(2011), J. Synchrotron Rad. 18, 617–629] is corrected.

/pdf/ankaphase-software-for-single-distance-phase-retrieval-from-2wx0uaxvh1.pdf

ANKAphase: software for single-distance phase retrieval from inline X-ray phase-contrast radiographs.

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ANKAphase: software for single-distance phase retrieval from inline X-ray phase-contrast radiographs.