The pursuit of cost-effective catalysts for electrocatalytic overall water splitting continues to present a significant challenge in the field. A molybdenum (Mo)-regulated Co9Se8/FeNiSe self-supporting electrode material with rich vacancy defects has been prepared by hydrothermal reaction. Doping of Mo atoms not only can form rich selenium vacancy defects to enrich the inherent activity of the catalyst, but also expose more active sites. The intrinsic electronic architecture of the interface catalysis is regulated and optimized through the introduction of heteroatom Mo, resulting in the exceptional catalytic activities of the Mo-Co9Se8/FeNiSe heterostructure. Additionally, the Faraday efficiency of hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) production approaches 100 %. The voltage required for the water-splitting system is only 1.58 V (10 mA cm-2), and 100 h stability test at 100 mA cm-2 demonstrates no decay. This work presents a new perspective for the reasonable design and synthesis of non-precious metal selenide-based bifunctional electrocatalysts. 

Defect engineering induces Mo-regulated Co9Se8/FeNiSe heterostructures with selenium vacancy for enhanced electrocatalytic overall water splitting in alkaline.

FeCoS2/Co4S3/N-doped graphene composite as efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting

Due to their high specific surface area, modifiable chemical functionality, and accessibility of bountiful active sites, the metal–organic framework derivatives hold great potential for catalytic activity. Herein, heterointerface vanadium and nitrogen co-doped Co/Fe selenides inlaid in N-doped carbon shell are grown on nickel foam (V,N–Co/Fe–Se/C@NF) derived from V-doped bimetallic–organic frameworks (V–CoFe–MOF@NF), followed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) selenization. The results show that V,N–Co/Fe–Se/C@NF requires lower overpotentials (η) for HER (η10 = 67 mV, η100 = 160 mV), and OER (η20 = 257 mV, η100 = 301 mV). Notably, the electrolyzer V,N–Co/Fe–Se/C@NF (+, −) needs 1.51 V cell voltage at 10 mA cm−2, lower than that of RuO2@NF (+)//Pt–C@NF (−) (1.59 V) to drive same current density. Thus, our work provides a new avenue for synthesis of MOF-derived heterointerfaces for clean hydrogen production at massive scale through water electrolysis. 

Bimetallic–organic frameworks derived heterointerface arrangements of V, N co-doped Co/Fe–selenide nanosheets electrocatalyst for efficient overall water-splitting

Herein the design of broken gap heterojunction devices made of molybdenum trioxide and zinc phthalocyanine coated onto Al substrates are reported. The devices which are prepared by the thermal evaporation technique under vacuum pressure of 10−5 mbar are observed to exhibit a conduction and valence band offsets of 3.36 and 3.56 eV, respectively. The heterojunction devices are observed to form a subband gap of 0.66 eV between the valence bands edges of ${p-}$ ZnPc and conduction bands edges of ${p}$ -MoO3 leading to a ${p}^{+}{/}{n}^{+}$ heterojunction type. Analysis of the current- voltage characteristics of the devices has shown that it exhibits tunneling diode characteristics with maximum tunneling barriers of width of ~ 45 nm. The device displayed biasing dependent photosensitivity in response to 850 nm laser lights. In addition to its characteristics as MOS device, when it was imposed with ac signals in the frequency domain of 0.01-1.80 GHz, it displayed resonance-antiresonance phenomena accompanied with negative capacitance effect in the studied range of spectra. The analysis of the alternating current (ac) electrical conductivity has shown that the ac conduction is mostly governed by quantum mechanical tunneling assisted with correlated barriers hopping. The laser light photosensitivity, the negative capacitance effect, the capacitance switching within 100 ns and the bandpass characteristics with notch frequency of 1.24 GHz make the Al/MoO3/ZnPc/Al attractive for use as IR sensors, parasitic capacitance cancellers, fast capacitance switches and microwave bandpass filters.

Al/MoO 3 /ZnPc/Al Broken Gap Tunneling Hybrid Devices Design for IR Laser Sensing and Microwave Filtering

Using the spray pyrolysis technique, CoSe-doped erbium, and pure cobalt selenide (CoSe) thin film was successfully examined with the influence of deposition temperature. The XRD results revealed that CoSe and CoSe: Er are crystalline materials and as the deposition temperature is increased, the peak intensity is found to decrease. Clusters of sizeable nanoparticles may be seen on the surface micrograph of the synthesised films. They are evenly dispersed and do not exhibit pinholes. The optical studies revealed that CoSe: Er has high absorbance, transmittance, and low reflectance. The obtained energy bandgap ranged from 1.52 to 2.35 eV. It was noticed that doping cobalt selenide with erbium enhances the structural and optical properties of the synthesised films for photovoltaic devices. 

Optimisation of temperature regulator on spray pyrolysis cobalt selenide doped erbium (CoSe: Er) semiconductor material for photovoltaic application

FeSe2/CoSe nanosheets for efficient overall water splitting under low cell voltages

Phosphatases play a crucial role in recycling organic phosphorus and determining primary production and phytoplankton communities in seawater, especially in phosphate-depleted coastal waters. The present study analyzed spatiotemporal variation in phosphomonoesterase (PMEase) activity (PMEA) and phosphodiesterase (PDEase) activity (PDEA) during 2 dinoflagellate blooms occurring in 2 coastal areas of Fujian Province, East China Sea, which differed in external phosphate conditions. Together with environmental variables and with a specific focus on the availability of different phosphorus forms in the seawater, the regulation of both phosphatases was studied. The results showed that dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) was the major phosphorus source during blooms, especially in phosphate-depleted environments. Labile DOP accounted for more than 50% of DOP, of which phosphomonoester (PME) and phosphodiester (PDE) accounted for 75-94% and 6-25%, respectively. PMEA and PDEA were highly correlated, both increasing during blooms with a fixed PMEA:PDEA ratio of 2.5 under external phosphate conditions at both sites. Both PMEA and PDEA were negatively correlated with dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) when phosphate was depleted, but positively correlated with DOP regardless of external phosphate conditions. During dinoflagellate blooms, temperature and phytoplankton biomass were the dominant variables determining both phosphatase activities under phosphate-depleted conditions, whereas the availability of DOP was the dominant variable determining both phosphatase activities under phosphate-replete conditions. This study suggests the importance of phosphatases in recycling DOP, and indicates similar regulation of PMEA and PDEA during dinoflagellate blooms. 

Phosphomonoesterase and phosphodiesterase activities and their regulation during dinoflagellate blooms under different external phosphate conditions

neutron-gamma detection technology is widely used in nuclear physics, high-energy physics, radiation medicine, and other fields. A NaIL scintillator coupled with a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) can form a neutron-gamma detector with excellent discrimination, small size, and low cost. However, the performances of a NaIL scintillator and SiPM are affected by temperature, which leads to a shift in energy spectrum and deterioration in neutron-gamma discrimination. Most of the current studies have used digitizers to store data and analyze detector energy spectrum and waveform characteristics offline to eliminate temperature dependence. In this study, a small neutron-gamma detector was constructed using NaIL scintillators, SiPM, and circuits developed in the laboratory. Online calibration of the ARM processor eliminates the temperature dependence of the detector's energy spectrum and neutron-gamma discrimination. Automatic energy spectrum stabilization and good neutron-gamma discrimination were achieved in a wide temperature range. The test results show that the peak shift of the 137Cs 662 keV full-energy peak of the detector is reduced from 5.3% to 0.4% at 0–50°C. After the online correction of the temperature feedback PSD parameters, the figure of merit at 45°C is 40% higher than that before the correction, and the detector's figure of merit at 0–50°C is maintained above 3.4.

A portable neutron gamma discrimination detector based on NaIL and SiPM

Photoelectric properties of organic pigment zinc phthalocyanine Schottky diodes

Compromised dynamic cerebral autoregulation in patients with frontal lobe epilepsy

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