Publisher Summary Molecular cloning has identified three distinct proteins responsible for plasma membrane monoamine transport. Although functional analysis indicates that each can recognize multiple monoamines as substrates, selective expression within dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin cell populations of the brain suggests that each probably transports a single substrate in vivo . In contrast, molecular cloning has identified two vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs), one expressed in the adrenal medulla and other neuroendocrine tissues (VMAT1) and the other in the brain (VMAT2). Although VMATs have no sequence similarity to the plasma membrane transporters or receptors for monoamines, they do contain individual residues implicated in substrate recognition by these other proteins. In addition to those residues required for substrate recognition, the comparison of VMAT1 and VMAT2 indicates that other residues may modulate the recognition of ligand. VMAT2 has an apparent affinity for most substrates approximately threefold higher than VMAT1. In addition, only VMAT2 recognizes histamine, and tetrabenazine inhibits only VMAT2. Residues have been identified that have a variety of roles in substrate recognition by VMATs. Analogous to other membrane proteins that interact with monoamines, VMATs contain an aspartate in TMD1 and serines in TMD3 that are required for transport activity.

Ligand Recognition by the Vesicular Monoamine Transporters

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

D. Peter

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Ligand Recognition by the Vesicular Monoamine Transporters