Polar regions have experienced significant warming in recent decades. Warming has been most pronounced across the Arctic Ocean Basin and along the Antarctic Peninsula, with significant decreases in the extent and seasonal duration of sea ice. Rapid retreat of glaciers and disintegration of ice sheets have also been documented. The rate of warming is increasing and is predicted to continue well into the current century, with continued impacts on ice dynamics. Climate-mediated changes in ice dynamics are a concern as ice serves as primary habitat for marine organisms central to the food webs of these regions. Changes in the timing and extent of sea ice impose temporal asynchronies and spatial separations between energy requirements and food availability for many higher trophic levels. These mismatches lead to decreased reproductive success, lower abundances, and changes in distribution. In addition to these direct impacts of ice loss, climate-induced changes also facilitate indirect effects through changes in hydrography, which include introduction of species from lower latitudes and altered assemblages of primary producers. Here, we review recent changes and trends in ice dynamics and the responses of marine ecosystems. Specifically, we provide examples of ice-dependent organisms and associated species from the Arctic and Antarctic to illustrate the impacts of the temporal and spatial changes in ice dynamics.

/pdf/high-latitude-changes-in-ice-dynamics-and-their-impact-on-yhdzndsui5.pdf

High Latitude Changes in Ice Dynamics and Their Impact on Polar Marine Ecosystems

Primary Producers and Sea Ice

Contributing Authors. Preface. Acknowledgements. Introduction Franklin, R.B., Mills, A.L. Statistical Analysis of Spatial Structure in Microbial Communities Franklin, R.B., Mills, A.L. Bacterial Interactions at the Microscale - Linking Habitat to Function In Soil Nunan N., Young, I.M, Crawford, J.W., Ritz, K. Spatial Distribution of Bacteria at the Microscale In Soil Dechesne, A., Pallud, C., Grundmann, G.L. Analysis Of Spatial Patterns Of Rhizoplane Coloniz-Ation Knudsen, G.R., Dandurand, L.-M. Microbial Distributions And Their Potential Control-Ling Factors In Terrestrial Subsurface Environments Lehman, R.M. Spatial Organisation Of Soil Fungi Ritz, K. Spatial Heterogeneity of Planktonic Microorganisms in Aquatic Systems Pinel-Alloul, B., Ghadouani, A. The Interrelationship Between the Spatial Distribution of Microorganisms and Vegetation in Forest Soils Morris S.J., Dress, W.J.

The spatial distribution of microbes in the environment

Sea ice as a habitat for primary producers

We examined the sub-ice algal community in the Chukchi Sea during June 1998 using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). Ice algae were observed on the under-ice surface at all ten stations (from 70°29′N to 72°26′N; 162°00′W to 153°56′W) and varied in abundance and distribution from small aggregations limited to depressions in the ice to nets, curtains and strands of Melosira. There was no relationship between percent cover of sub-ice algae and physical factors at the kilometer scale, but at the scale of individual ice floes the percent cover of sub-ice algae was positively correlated with distance from the floe edge and negatively correlated with snow depth. A significant positive relationship between the concentration of sediment pigments and percent cover of sub-ice could indicate a coupling between ice algal and benthic systems. Pieces of ice algae that appeared to be Melosira were observed on the seafloor to a depth of over 100 m and cells or spores of obligate ice algal taxa were collected from sediments from 44-m to 1,000-m deep. The large biomass of sub-ice algae observed at many stations in the Chukchi Sea and the presence of ice algae on the seafloor indicates that the distribution and abundance of sub-ice algae needs to be understood if we are to evaluate the role of ice algae in the Arctic marine ecosystem.

The sub-ice algal community in the Chukchi sea: large- and small-scale patterns of abundance based on images from a remotely operated vehicle

Impact of freshwater on a subarctic coastal ecosystem under seasonal sea ice (southeastern Hudson Bay, Canada) II. Production and export of microalgae *

Microalgae from the ice bottom and the ice-water interface were collected in southeastern Hudson Bay (Canada) along inshore-offshore transects during April and May 1989 and 1990. The transects extended from the mouth of the Grande riviere d e la Baleine (Great Whale River; almost fresh waters) to 25 km offshore (saline waters). Salinity and nutrients at the ice-water interface exhibited marked horizontal gradients which were more pronounced In 1990 than in 1989 Algal concentrations as well as species diversity and evenness also presented hor~zontal structures. Canonical Correspondence Analyses (CCA) showed that a large part of the var~ation in specles abundances (i.e. 4 3 to 50%] could be explained by environmental variables, especially salinity. Given the spatial structure of salinity, Partial CCA were used to assess the direct relationships between environmental variables and algae, independent of purely spa t~a l processes. In 1990 (strong inshore-offshore g rad~en t ) , most of the effect of salinity on algal abundances reflected the spatial structure determined by the river plume. At the interface, there was a strong increase of taxonomic richness and diversity and of biomass at the edge of the under-ice plume, which reflected an ecotone situation. The significant positive relationship between species richness and algal biomass, at the ice-water interface, suggests that the interdisperslon of hab~ta ts , which characterizes ecotones, had a direct impact on the production of organic matter in the under-ice plume.

/pdf/horizontal-distribution-of-sea-ice-microalgae-environmental-3o4b4dy6bz.pdf

Horizontal distribution of sea-ice microalgae:environmental control and spatial processes (southeastern Hudson Bay, Canada)

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

D. Monti

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Impact of freshwater on a subarctic coastal ecosystem under seasonal sea ice (southeastern Hudson Bay, Canada) II. Production and export of microalgae *

Horizontal distribution of sea-ice microalgae:environmental control and spatial processes (southeastern Hudson Bay, Canada)