Archaeology of the continental shelf: Marine resources, submerged landscapes and underwater archaeology

We take for granted the survival into the present of artifacts from the past. Indeed the discipline of archaeology would be impossible without the survival of such artifacts. What is the implication of the durability or ephemerality of past material culture for the reproduction of societies in the past? In this book, Andrew Jones argues that the material world offers a vital framework for the formation of collective memory. He uses the topic of memory to critique the treatment of artifacts as symbols by interpretative archaeologists and artifacts as units of information (or memes) by behavioral archaeologists, instead arguing for a treatment of artifacts as forms of mnemonic trace that have an impact on the senses. Using detailed case studies from prehistoric Europe, he further argues that archaeologists can study the relationship between mnemonic traces in the form of networks of reference in artifactual and architectural forms. 1. Memory and material culture? 2. From memory to commemoration 3. People, time and remembrance 4. Improvising culture 5. Continuous houses, perpetual places 6. Culture, citation and categorisation 7. Chains of memory 8. The art of memory 9. Tracing the past 10. Coda

Memory and Material Culture

In contexts where human remains are scarce, poorly preserved, or otherwise unavailable for stable isotope-based paleodietary reconstruction, dog bone collagen as well as other tissues may provide a suitable proxy material for addressing questions relating to human dietary practices. Inferences drawn from applications of this “canine surrogacy approach” (CSA) must be made with caution to ensure the accuracy and transparency of conclusions. This paper shows that CSA applications are essentially analogical inferences which can be divided into two groups that provide specific types of information and may require different levels of substantiation. A framework of three categories of factors is outlined to aid in establishing positive, negative, and neutral elements of comparison of dog and human diets. CSA applications may benefit from explicitly detailing the type and nature of the analogical reasoning employed and from providing a systematic assessment of the degree to which stable isotope values of dogs and humans under comparison are thought to be like, unlike, or of unknown likeness.

Dogs as Analogs in Stable Isotope-Based Human Paleodietary Reconstructions: A Review and Considerations for Future Use

Radiocarbon dates of food residue on pottery from northern European inland areas seem to be influenced significantly by the freshwater reservoir effect ("hardwater" effect) stemming from fish and mollusks cooked in the pots Bones of freshwater fish from Stone Age Amose, Denmark, are demonstrated to be 100 to 500 (super 14) C yr older than their archaeological context Likewise, food residues on cooking pots, seemingly used for the preparation of freshwater fish, are shown to have (super 14) C age excesses of up to 300 yr It is probable that age excesses of similar or even larger magnitude are involved in food residue dates from other periods and regions Since this effect cannot, so far, be quantified and corrected for, (super 14) C dating of food residue, which may potentially include material from freshwater ecosystems, should be treated with reserve

Freshwater reservoir effect in 14C dates of food residue on pottery

Grave goods from the Saint-Germain-la-Rivière burial: Evidence for social inequality in the Upper Palaeolithic

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